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Journal of Low Temperature Physics

Formation of He Dimer in Nanotube Effect of Adsorption Potential

Dai S. Hirashima, K. Yamashita

Published Sep 30, 2009• 4 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s10909-009-9991-y

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Dimer formation by He atoms confined in a narrow tube is studied and the effect of adsorption potential is clarified. The results are well explained in terms of the effective radius <ρ> and the width of the single-particle ground-state wave function Δρ. For 3 He, adsorption potential promotes dimer formation when ⟨ρ⟩≲3\langle \rho\rangle \lesssim 3⟨ρ⟩≲3 Å, but is unfavorable when ⟨ρ⟩≳3\langle \rho \rangle \gtrsim 3⟨ρ⟩≳3 Å. We discuss the recent experimental results for 3 He atoms confined in nanopores in light of the present results.
We formulate the problem of adsorption onto the surface of a carbon nanotube as a lattice gas on a triangular lattice wrapped around a cylinder. This model is equivalent to an XXZ Heisenberg quantum spin tube. We find density plateau structures for armchair, zigzag, and chiral nanotubes. The zigzags are special and have extensive zero temperature entropy plateaus in the classical limit. Quantum effects lift the degeneracy, leaving gapless excitations described by a c = 1 conformal field theory with compactification radius quantized by the tube circumference.