Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Physical Review A

Intensity correlations in cavity QED

G. T. Foster, S. L. Mielke, Luis A. Orozco

Published Apr 18, 2000• 93 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The second-order intensity correlation function of light transmitted out of a cavity QED system exhibits the nonclassical features and dynamics of the atom-field interaction. We present measurements of the intensity correlation to examine the size of the nonclassical features and the dependence on driving intensity, detuning, and the strength of the atom-field coupling. We use a model that takes into account experimental conditions to achieve a quantitative agreement with the observations.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.61.053821

Related papers

Correlation measurements in cavity QED: detuning effects

G. T. Foster, S. L. Mielke, Luis A. Orozco

Summary form only given. The second-order correlation function of the intensity is a measurement of the intensity fluctuations and their enhancement or suppression relative to an ideal laser field. It is a sensitive probe of the dynamic processes involved in producing the light. We have measured the correlation function of the photons escaping from a cavity QED system consisting of a high-finesse interferometer traversed by an atomic beam of optically pumped Rb atoms. We observe nonclassical correlations, exhibiting antibunching and sub-Poissonian statistics.

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics•Nov 27, 2002•0 citations

Nonclassical intensity correlations in cavity QED

Joe Leach, Perry R. Rice

We consider two systems in the weak driving field limit. The first is an optical parametric oscillator, the transmitted field of which is highly bunched. We discuss a conditioned measurement of the second order intensity correlation function that yields antibunching. The second system we consider is a single two level atom inside a weakly driven cavity. Here we consider cross correlations between the transmitted and fluorescent fields. A strong asymmetry in delay time has been noted by Denisov et. al., here we find strong violations of a classical inequality for the cross correlation.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•May 16, 2003•0 citations

Nonclassical Intensity Correlations in Cavity QED

S. L. Mielke, G. T. Foster, Luis A. Orozco

We report nonclassical correlations in the light transmitted by a collection of two-level atoms strongly coupled to a single mode of the electromagnetic field of a driven optical cavity. This cavity QED system can produce bunched light that violates the Schwarz inequality due to the state preparation of the system from the detection of a photon. The correlation function shows oscillations at a frequency that decreases with increasing intensity.

Physical Review Letters•May 4, 1998•73 citations

Cross-correlations and Entanglement in Cavity QED

Matthew L. Terraciano

Every quantum system subjected to measurements is an open quantum system. The cavity QED system is elegant in that it probes the interaction between two quantum systems, the atom and the field, while its loss mechanisms are well understood and can be externally monitored. The study of cross-correlations in cavity QED is important for understanding how entanglement evolves in open quantum systems. As quantum information science grows we need to learn more about entanglement and how it can be quantified and measured. Correlation functions have been used to compare an electromagnetic field (intensity) of one mode with the electromagnetic field (intensity) of the same mode at a later time or different spatial location. In quantum optics, correlation functions have been calculated and measured to probe the nonclassical field that results from the interaction of a single mode of the electromagnetic field and an ensemble of two-level atoms (the canonical cavity QED system). This field can exhibit antibunching, squeezing, and can violate inequalities required for a classical field. Entanglement in the steady state of a cavity QED system cannot be measured directly with traditional correlation functions (Hanbury-Brown and Twiss type experiments). Cross-correlations, however, interrogate directly both modes of the entangled pair, the transmitted (cavity) and the fluorescent (atom) intensities, and can act as an entanglement witness. This thesis presents the implementation of a cross-correlation measurement in a cavity QED system. The work has required the construction of an apparatus that incorporates laser cooling and trapping with quantum optics to carefully control both the external (center of mass motion) and internal (atomic state) degrees of freedom of a collection of atoms that interact with a single mode of a high finesse Fabry-Perot cavity. We examine theoretically and experimentally a new intensity cross-correlation function which probes the evolution of the cavity field conditioned on the detection of a fluorescent photon from an atom in the cavity. The results open the possibility to generalize the dynamics of entanglement as a physical resource necessary for the nascent quantum information science.

•Jun 30, 2006•0 citations

Nonclassical photon statistics in cavity QED with an inhomogeneous medium

Hayato Goto, Kouichi Ichimura

A theoretical method for the calculation of the second-order intensity correlation function for the light transmitted from a weakly driven optical cavity containing an inhomogeneous medium is presented. This method is based on the expectation-value approach [H. Goto and K. Ichimura, Phys. Rev. A 70, 023815 (2004)]. This method allows one to calculate the second-order intensity correlation function in the case where there are many atoms whose transition frequencies and coupling rates have various values. We discuss the effects of the inhomogeneities of the atomic transition frequency and the coupling rate.

Physical Review A•Jan 8, 2008•1 citation

Photon statistics of a weakly driven cavity QED system

Perry R. Rice, H. J. Carmichael, Robert J. Brecha

We present analytic results for the photon statistics of a weakly driven optical cavity containing N two-level atoms. The second-order intensity correlation function g(2)() is calculated in the weak field limit for arbitrary atomic and cavity loss rates, and cavity and atomic detunings are included. The transmitted light field may exhibit photon antibunching, sub-Poissonian photon statistics, and other novel nonclassical effects.1,2 The size of these effects depends principally on the single-atom coupling constant C1 = g2/κγ, so these effects persist with many atoms in the cavity. Our results can be interpreted via the collapse of the wave function and quantum interference of probability amplitudes. These phenomena can also be understood in terms of the self-homodyning of the driving field with squeezed polarization fluctuations.2

Annual Meeting Optical Society of America•Jan 1, 1990•0 citations
The second-order intensity correlation function of light transmitted out of a cavity QED system exhibits the nonclassical features and dynamics of the atom-field interaction. We present measurements of the intensity correlation to examine the size of the nonclassical features and the dependence on driving intensity, detuning, and the strength of the atom-field coupling. We use a model that takes into account experimental conditions to achieve a quantitative agreement with the observations.
Summary form only given. The second-order correlation function of the intensity is a measurement of the intensity fluctuations and their enhancement or suppression relative to an ideal laser field. It is a sensitive probe of the dynamic processes involved in producing the light. We have measured the correlation function of the photons escaping from a cavity QED system consisting of a high-finesse interferometer traversed by an atomic beam of optically pumped Rb atoms. We observe nonclassical correlations, exhibiting antibunching and sub-Poissonian statistics.
We consider two systems in the weak driving field limit. The first is an optical parametric oscillator, the transmitted field of which is highly bunched. We discuss a conditioned measurement of the second order intensity correlation function that yields antibunching. The second system we consider is a single two level atom inside a weakly driven cavity. Here we consider cross correlations between the transmitted and fluorescent fields. A strong asymmetry in delay time has been noted by Denisov et. al., here we find strong violations of a classical inequality for the cross correlation.
Every quantum system subjected to measurements is an open quantum system. The cavity QED system is elegant in that it probes the interaction between two quantum systems, the atom and the field, while its loss mechanisms are well understood and can be externally monitored. The study of cross-correlations in cavity QED is important for understanding how entanglement evolves in open quantum systems. As quantum information science grows we need to learn more about entanglement and how it can be quantified and measured. Correlation functions have been used to compare an electromagnetic field (intensity) of one mode with the electromagnetic field (intensity) of the same mode at a later time or different spatial location. In quantum optics, correlation functions have been calculated and measured to probe the nonclassical field that results from the interaction of a single mode of the electromagnetic field and an ensemble of two-level atoms (the canonical cavity QED system). This field can exhibit antibunching, squeezing, and can violate inequalities required for a classical field. Entanglement in the steady state of a cavity QED system cannot be measured directly with traditional correlation functions (Hanbury-Brown and Twiss type experiments). Cross-correlations, however, interrogate directly both modes of the entangled pair, the transmitted (cavity) and the fluorescent (atom) intensities, and can act as an entanglement witness. This thesis presents the implementation of a cross-correlation measurement in a cavity QED system. The work has required the construction of an apparatus that incorporates laser cooling and trapping with quantum optics to carefully control both the external (center of mass motion) and internal (atomic state) degrees of freedom of a collection of atoms that interact with a single mode of a high finesse Fabry-Perot cavity. We examine theoretically and experimentally a new intensity cross-correlation function which probes the evolution of the cavity field conditioned on the detection of a fluorescent photon from an atom in the cavity. The results open the possibility to generalize the dynamics of entanglement as a physical resource necessary for the nascent quantum information science.
A theoretical method for the calculation of the second-order intensity correlation function for the light transmitted from a weakly driven optical cavity containing an inhomogeneous medium is presented. This method is based on the expectation-value approach [H. Goto and K. Ichimura, Phys. Rev. A 70, 023815 (2004)]. This method allows one to calculate the second-order intensity correlation function in the case where there are many atoms whose transition frequencies and coupling rates have various values. We discuss the effects of the inhomogeneities of the atomic transition frequency and the coupling rate.
We present analytic results for the photon statistics of a weakly driven optical cavity containing N two-level atoms. The second-order intensity correlation function g(2)() is calculated in the weak field limit for arbitrary atomic and cavity loss rates, and cavity and atomic detunings are included. The transmitted light field may exhibit photon antibunching, sub-Poissonian photon statistics, and other novel nonclassical effects.1,2 The size of these effects depends principally on the single-atom coupling constant C1 = g2/κγ, so these effects persist with many atoms in the cavity. Our results can be interpreted via the collapse of the wave function and quantum interference of probability amplitudes. These phenomena can also be understood in terms of the self-homodyning of the driving field with squeezed polarization fluctuations.2