Chinese Physics
Normally ordered forms of Shapiro-Wagner phase operators and their application
Xian-Ting Liang
Abstract
Based on the quantum mechanical representation |ξ⟩ = exp[-½|ξ| + ξ a 1 + + ξ* a 2 + - a 1 + a 2 + ] |00⟩ constructed by Fan Hong-yi and with the help of the technique of integration within an ordered product of operators, we derive the normally ordered expressions of the Shapiro-Wagner (SW) phase operators. They are in terms of the Bessel functions. As their application we discuss the minimal uncertain relation regarding the two-mode phase and number-difference operators.