Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

physica status solidi (b)

Tunnelling in k‐Space. The Case of Time‐Varying Electric Field

A. Dargys

Published Oct 1, 1987• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract Intervalence transitions between light and heavy mass subbands due to strong time‐varying electric fields are analyzed within the effective mass framework in two limiting cases, when the spin‐orbit interaction is weak and strong. Explicit formulae for the resonance lineshape, lineshift, and frequency of quantum mechanical Rabi oscillations are presented for one‐ and two‐photon absorption. The relationship between the detuning and the amplitude of Rabi oscillations is found to have exactly the same form, as in two‐level atomic systems. In case of p‐type germanium the Rabi oscillation period becomes comparable to the optical phonon scattering time at an intensity of the CO2‐laser of 5 MW/cm2. The conditions for the observation of Rabi oscillations are especially favourable at small energies of light quanta, when optical phonon emission due to energy conservation is forbidden. By this reason in p‐type semiconductors at strong time‐varying electric fields the non‐linear quantum effects similar to those found in two‐level atomic systems e.g. photon echos, self‐induced transparency etc., are expected to be observable as well.

DOI
10.1002/pssb.2221430227

Related papers

Spin dynamics in a strongly driven system: Very slow Rabi oscillations

D. V. Khomitsky, L. V. Gulyaev, Eugene Ya. Sherman

We consider joint effects of tunneling and spin-orbit coupling on driven by electric field spin dynamics in a double quantum dot with a multilevel resonance scenario. We demonstrate that tunneling plays the crucial role in the formation of the Rabi-like spin-flip transitions. In contrast to the linear behavior for weak electric fields, the spin-flip rate becomes much smaller than expected for the two-level model and shows oscillating dependence on the driving field amplitude in stronger fields. In addition, the full spin flip is very difficult to achieve in a multilevel resonant system. These two effects have a similarity with the Zeno effect of slowing down the dynamics of an observable by its measurement. As a result, spin manipulation by electric field becomes much less efficient than expected.

arXiv:1203.5287•Physical Review B•Mar 23, 2012•75 citations

Rabi oscillations in a strongly driven semiconductor quantum well

Emmanuel Paspalakis, Margarita Tsaousidou, Andreas Terzis

We study the interaction of an ac electric field with a semiconductor quantum well by using the effective nonlinear Bloch equations. Only the first two electron subbands in the well are considered. We apply the rotating wave approximation and derive analytical solutions for the Bloch equations for two different values of the detuning. At exact resonance we find a critical value of the Rabi frequency around which the dynamics of the system changes abruptly. Above this critical value one obtains electron oscillations with complete inversion in the two-subband system, while below this value we obtain electron oscillations without complete inversion and with the majority of the electron population on average in the lower subband. We also present numerical calculations for a specific quantum well structure and assess the limits of validity of the analytical results.

Journal of Applied Physics•Aug 15, 2006•43 citations

Electromagnetically induced transparency in a subband quantum well system

Konstantin L. Vodopyanov, G. B. Serapiglia, Emmanuel Paspalakis +1 more

The phenomenon of electromagnetically induced transparency, which was discovered recently in atomic systems, is demonstrated for the first in a subband quantum well system. Applying strong coupling field (Rabi frequency is on the same order as the intersubband linewidth), which is two- photon-resonant with the 1 - 3 intersubband transition, produces dramatic change in the 1 - 2 intersubband absorption profile. This effect can be accounted for in terms of 1 - 2 and 2 - 3 dipoles being driven into coherence by a strong coupling field; it is not related to self- induced transparency or spectral hole-burning (the frequency of the coupling field is quite different from that of 1 - 2 resonance) and, similar to Fano-type interference, is a pure result of destructive interference of probability amplitudes.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Apr 23, 2001•0 citations

Microscopic Theory of Rabi Flopping, Photon Echo, and Resonant Pulse Propagation in Semiconductors

Stephan W. Koch, A. Knorr, Rolf H. Binder +1 more

Abstract The phenomena of Rabi oscillations, resonant pulse propagation, and photon echo in semiconductors are investigated by numerically solving the full semiconductor Bloch equations for the example of bulk CdSe. The calculations are done for resonant femtosecond excitation at the exciton resonance. The many‐body modifications of Rabi flopping and semiconductor photon echo are discussed for a thin medium, whereas the propagation of weak and strong pulses is analyzed for an extended material. Rabi flopping of the density can lead to field reamplification and thus to long propagation distances of sufficiently strong pulses and to pulse break‐up. The area theorem known from self‐induced transparency (SIT) in atomic systems is generalized for the case of phase modulated fields and shown to be modified significantly in semiconductors. Even though no ideal SIT occurs, the Coulomb interacting electron–hole system nevertheless seems to support extremely long propagation distances of so‐called π‐pulses.

physica status solidi (b)•Sep 1, 1992•34 citations

Quadratic pseudosupersymmetry in two-level systems

Boris F Samsonov, V V Shamshutdinova

Using the intertwining relation we construct a pseudosuperpartner for a (non-Hermitian) Dirac-like Hamiltonian describing a two-level system interacting in the rotating wave approximation with the electric component of an electromagnetic field. The two pseudosuperpartners and pseudosupersymmetry generators close a quadratic pseudosuperalgebra. A class of time-dependent electric fields for which the equation of motion for a two-level system placed in this field can be solved exactly is obtained. A new interesting phenomenon is observed. There exists a time-dependent detuning of the field frequency from the resonance value such that the probability to populate the excited level ceases to oscillate and becomes a monotonically growing function of time tending to 3/4. It is shown that near this fixed excitation regime the probability exhibits two kinds of oscillations. The oscillations with small amplitude and frequency close to the Rabi frequency (fast oscillations) take place at the background of those with big amplitude and small frequency (slow oscillations). During the period of slow oscillations, the minimal value of the probability to populate the excited level may exceed 1/2, suggesting for an ensemble of such two-level atoms the possibility of acquiring an inverse population and exhibit lasing properties.

arXiv:quant-ph/0504065•Journal of Physics A Mathematical and General•May 10, 2005•11 citations

Time-Dependent Phenomena Associated with the Resonant Scattering of Light by Perturbed Atoms

David L. Huber

We report theoretical studies of the resonant scattering of light by perturbed atoms under conditions where the amplitude of the incident electric field varies with time. Adiabatic perturbations are simulated by a randomly fluctuating term in the energy separation between the resonant levels; lifetime effects are accounted for by adding a small imaginary term to the separation. Assuming linearity, we derive a general expression giving the intensity of the scattered light as a function of time. Explicit calculations are carried out in the motional narrowing limit for a variety of cases. Interference and inhomogeneous broadening are assessed. A brief analysis is made of recent scattering experiments involving ${\mathrm{Cr}}^{3+}$ in ${\mathrm{Al}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$. Incoherence in the source and the motion of the target atoms are also considered.

Physical review. B, Solid state•Apr 15, 1970•29 citations
Abstract Intervalence transitions between light and heavy mass subbands due to strong time‐varying electric fields are analyzed within the effective mass framework in two limiting cases, when the spin‐orbit interaction is weak and strong. Explicit formulae for the resonance lineshape, lineshift, and frequency of quantum mechanical Rabi oscillations are presented for one‐ and two‐photon absorption. The relationship between the detuning and the amplitude of Rabi oscillations is found to have exactly the same form, as in two‐level atomic systems. In case of p‐type germanium the Rabi oscillation period becomes comparable to the optical phonon scattering time at an intensity of the CO2‐laser of 5 MW/cm2. The conditions for the observation of Rabi oscillations are especially favourable at small energies of light quanta, when optical phonon emission due to energy conservation is forbidden. By this reason in p‐type semiconductors at strong time‐varying electric fields the non‐linear quantum effects similar to those found in two‐level atomic systems e.g. photon echos, self‐induced transparency etc., are expected to be observable as well.
We consider joint effects of tunneling and spin-orbit coupling on driven by electric field spin dynamics in a double quantum dot with a multilevel resonance scenario. We demonstrate that tunneling plays the crucial role in the formation of the Rabi-like spin-flip transitions. In contrast to the linear behavior for weak electric fields, the spin-flip rate becomes much smaller than expected for the two-level model and shows oscillating dependence on the driving field amplitude in stronger fields. In addition, the full spin flip is very difficult to achieve in a multilevel resonant system. These two effects have a similarity with the Zeno effect of slowing down the dynamics of an observable by its measurement. As a result, spin manipulation by electric field becomes much less efficient than expected.
We study the interaction of an ac electric field with a semiconductor quantum well by using the effective nonlinear Bloch equations. Only the first two electron subbands in the well are considered. We apply the rotating wave approximation and derive analytical solutions for the Bloch equations for two different values of the detuning. At exact resonance we find a critical value of the Rabi frequency around which the dynamics of the system changes abruptly. Above this critical value one obtains electron oscillations with complete inversion in the two-subband system, while below this value we obtain electron oscillations without complete inversion and with the majority of the electron population on average in the lower subband. We also present numerical calculations for a specific quantum well structure and assess the limits of validity of the analytical results.
The phenomenon of electromagnetically induced transparency, which was discovered recently in atomic systems, is demonstrated for the first in a subband quantum well system. Applying strong coupling field (Rabi frequency is on the same order as the intersubband linewidth), which is two- photon-resonant with the 1 - 3 intersubband transition, produces dramatic change in the 1 - 2 intersubband absorption profile. This effect can be accounted for in terms of 1 - 2 and 2 - 3 dipoles being driven into coherence by a strong coupling field; it is not related to self- induced transparency or spectral hole-burning (the frequency of the coupling field is quite different from that of 1 - 2 resonance) and, similar to Fano-type interference, is a pure result of destructive interference of probability amplitudes.
Abstract The phenomena of Rabi oscillations, resonant pulse propagation, and photon echo in semiconductors are investigated by numerically solving the full semiconductor Bloch equations for the example of bulk CdSe. The calculations are done for resonant femtosecond excitation at the exciton resonance. The many‐body modifications of Rabi flopping and semiconductor photon echo are discussed for a thin medium, whereas the propagation of weak and strong pulses is analyzed for an extended material. Rabi flopping of the density can lead to field reamplification and thus to long propagation distances of sufficiently strong pulses and to pulse break‐up. The area theorem known from self‐induced transparency (SIT) in atomic systems is generalized for the case of phase modulated fields and shown to be modified significantly in semiconductors. Even though no ideal SIT occurs, the Coulomb interacting electron–hole system nevertheless seems to support extremely long propagation distances of so‐called π‐pulses.
Using the intertwining relation we construct a pseudosuperpartner for a (non-Hermitian) Dirac-like Hamiltonian describing a two-level system interacting in the rotating wave approximation with the electric component of an electromagnetic field. The two pseudosuperpartners and pseudosupersymmetry generators close a quadratic pseudosuperalgebra. A class of time-dependent electric fields for which the equation of motion for a two-level system placed in this field can be solved exactly is obtained. A new interesting phenomenon is observed. There exists a time-dependent detuning of the field frequency from the resonance value such that the probability to populate the excited level ceases to oscillate and becomes a monotonically growing function of time tending to 3/4. It is shown that near this fixed excitation regime the probability exhibits two kinds of oscillations. The oscillations with small amplitude and frequency close to the Rabi frequency (fast oscillations) take place at the background of those with big amplitude and small frequency (slow oscillations). During the period of slow oscillations, the minimal value of the probability to populate the excited level may exceed 1/2, suggesting for an ensemble of such two-level atoms the possibility of acquiring an inverse population and exhibit lasing properties.
We report theoretical studies of the resonant scattering of light by perturbed atoms under conditions where the amplitude of the incident electric field varies with time. Adiabatic perturbations are simulated by a randomly fluctuating term in the energy separation between the resonant levels; lifetime effects are accounted for by adding a small imaginary term to the separation. Assuming linearity, we derive a general expression giving the intensity of the scattered light as a function of time. Explicit calculations are carried out in the motional narrowing limit for a variety of cases. Interference and inhomogeneous broadening are assessed. A brief analysis is made of recent scattering experiments involving Cr3+{\mathrm{Cr}}^{3+}Cr3+ in Al2{\mathrm{Al}}_{2}Al2​O3{\mathrm{O}}_{3}O3​. Incoherence in the source and the motion of the target atoms are also considered.