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The Rochester Conferences on Coherence and Quantum Optics and the Quantum Information and Measurement meeting

Superradiance Steering and Pinning in a Two-Dimensional Resonance Photonic Crystal

Igor V. Mel’nikov, Joseph W. Haus, Anton N. Knigavko

Published Jan 1, 2007• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The phase synchronization across a 2D resonance photonic crystal with lateral confinement of the radiation is predicted. This builds up a superradiance anisotropy and excitation transfer along the Bragg planes along with pronounced excitation localization..
DOI
10.1364/cqo.2007.csua42

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In this paper, we study the superradiant decay of an ensemble of inverted two-level atoms embedded into a continuous dielectric and a two-dimensional (2-D) photonic crystal with lateral confinement of the radiation. The nonlinear superradiance pulse characteristics are calculated using a Green's-function-based model. Specifically, we predict fast phase synchronization across the ensemble that builds up a distributed feedback structure responsible for the superradiation anisotropic emission and the directional switching. We show that the transfer of the optical excitation takes place along the Bragg planes and is manifested by strong energy localization.
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The subject of the review is the diffraction of an electromagnetic wave on a periodic condensed matter where the Bragg condition is satisfied at the frequency of resonance excited in this medium. The Bragg systems known as resonant photonic crystals in general have been considered, and the propagation, reflection, transmission, and diffraction of electromagnetic radiation in different objects—(I) periodic quantum-well structures near the exciton resonance, (II) optical lattices of atoms cooled in a laser field, and (III) bulk crystals and multilayers with gamma-ray resonance intranuclear transitions—have been described in a unified context. The main attention has been paid to the steady-state linear diffraction, including resonant reflection and transmission, which is the best studied and allows a comparison of the three aforementioned systems with the aim of revealing specific characteristics and common features. A characteristic common property of the considered systems is the suppression of non-radiative channels and an inhomogeneous broadening of the resonance frequency. The second fundamental property of resonant photonic crystals is that the interaction of light with resonant excitation can occur in two regimes depending on the thickness of the sample. In the superradiant regime realized for a small number of resonant layers N (fine structures), the height of the peak and half-width of the reflection spectrum monotonically increase with increasing value of N. With a further increase in N, there occurs a transition to a photonic-crystal regime where the half-width of the reflection spectrum is saturated, which manifests itself in the form of an optical stop band. The theoretical description is illustrated by experimental spectra measured for all three resonant Bragg systems.