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Physical Review A

Controlled dense coding for continuous variables using three-particle entangled states

Jing Zhang, Changde Xie, Kunchi Peng

Published Sep 26, 2002• 86 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A simple scheme to realize quantum controlled dense coding with a bright tripartite entangled state light generated from nondegenerate optical parametric amplifiers is proposed in this paper. The quantum channel between Alice and Bob is controlled by Claire. As a local oscillator and balanced homodyne detector are not needed, the proposed protocol is easy to be realized experimentally.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.66.032318

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A simple scheme to realize quantum controlled dense coding with a bright tripartite entangled state light generated from nondegenerate optical parametric amplifiers is proposed in this paper. The quantum channel between Alice and Bob is controlled by Claire. As a local oscillator and balanced homodyne detector are not needed, the proposed protocol is easy to be realized experimentally.
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A tripartite entangled state of bright optical field is experimentally produced using an Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen entangled state for continuous variables and linear optics. The controlled dense coding among a sender, a receiver, and a controller is demonstrated by exploiting the tripartite entanglement. The obtained three-mode "position" correlation and relative "momentum" correlation between the sender and the receiver, and thus the improvements of the measured signal to noise ratios of amplitude and phase signals with respect to the shot noise limit are 3.28 and 3.18 dB, respectively. If the mean photon number n equals 11 the channel capacity can be controllably inverted between 2.91 and 3.14. When n is larger than 1.0 and 10.52, the channel capacity of the controlled dense coding is predicted to exceed the ideal single channel capacity of coherent and squeezed state light communication, respectively.
A scheme of controlled dense coding was proposed by using non-symmetric quantum channel in3×2×2 dimensional entangled state.The collapse of the state and entanglement between Alice and Bob were controlled by Charlie's local measurement on his particle in two dimension.Then the 3×2 dimensional non-symmetric quantum channel was controlled.It can be seen that the average amount of transmitted information of dense coding was controlled by Charlie's measurement angle.One can find that the average amount of information is more than 2 bits by using maximally entangled state in the non-symmetric quantum channel.Thus,this scheme is high-efficiency.In the case the entanglement is non-maximally,the transmitted information is determined by the measurement angle 6 and the coefficient /3 of the entangled state.