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International Journal of Modern Physics A

CONTRACTION OF THE FINITE ONE-DIMENSIONAL OSCILLATOR

Natig M. Atakishiyev, GEORGE S. POGOSYAN, Kurt Bernardo Wolf

Published Jan 16, 2003• 50 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The finite oscillator model of 2j + 1 points has the dynamical algebra u(2), consisting of position, momentum and mode number. It is a paradigm of finite quantum mechanics where a sequence of finite unitary models contract to the well-known continuum theory. We examine its contraction as the number and density of points increase. This is done on the level of the dynamical algebra, of the Schrödinger difference equation, the (Kravchuk) wave functions, and the Fourier–Kravchuk transformation between position and momentum representations.

DOI
10.1142/s0217751x03013776

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The finite oscillator model of 2j + 1 points has the dynamical algebra u(2), consisting of position, momentum and mode number. It is a paradigm of finite quantum mechanics where a sequence of finite unitary models contract to the well-known continuum theory. We examine its contraction as the number and density of points increase. This is done on the level of the dynamical algebra, of the Schrödinger difference equation, the (Kravchuk) wave functions, and the Fourier–Kravchuk transformation between position and momentum representations.
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The one-dimensional finite oscillator model satisfies that under commutator brackets, all operators close into the (dynamical) Lie algebra su(2); therefore the eigenvalues of position, momentum and energy operators are discrete and the eigenvalue of a compact u(l) central operator fixes the dimension of the su(2) representation. In this work we review the one-dimensional finite oscillator model with u(2) as the dynamical algebra where the wave functions, which involve Kravchuk polynomials, are discrete functions of angular momentum theory.
A finite two-dimensional oscillator is built as the direct product of two finite one-dimensional oscillators, using the dynamical Lie algebra su(2)x⊕su(2)y. The position space in this model is a square grid of points. While the ordinary `continuous' two-dimensional quantum oscillator has a symmetry algebra u(2), the symmetry algebra of the finite model is only u(1)x⊕u(1)y, because it lacks rotations in the position (and momentum) plane. We show how to `import' an SO(2) group of rotations from the continuum model that transforms unitarily the finite wavefunctions on the fixed square grid. We thus propose a finite analogue for fractional U(2) Fourier transforms.
Quantum mechanics of a linear harmonic oscillator in a finite-dimensional Hilbert space satisfying the correct equations of motion is studied. The connections to Weyl's formulation of the algebra of bounded unitary operators in finite space as well as to a truncated quantized linear harmonic oscillator are discussed. It is pointed out that the discrete Fourier transformation (DFT) plays a central role in determining the actual form of the position, the momentum, the number and the Hamiltonian operators. The explicit form of these operators in different bases is exhibited for some low values of the dimension of the Hilbert space. In this formulation, it is shown that the Hamiltonian is indeed the logarithm of the DFT and that by modifying Weyl's framework to include position and momentum operators with non-uniformly spaced spectra the equations of motion are satisfied.
A finite oscillator is a system that has a discrete and finite number of spatial positions and energy levels accessible. The su(2)-oscillator model takes the generators of the angular momentum su(2) algebra and, giving to each one a definite physical interpretation, provides a consistent mathematical description of a finite oscillator. This work searches an example of identification of generalized coherent states, within the collection of states and wavefunctions of the finite su(2) oscillator model.