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Physical Review Letters

Dynamical Superalgebra of the "Dressed" Jaynes-Cummings Model

Carla Buzano, Mario Rasetti, Maria Luisa Rastello

Published Jan 9, 1989• 66 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We show how, by resorting to a one-fermion realization of the Pauli operators, the Hamiltonian of the Jaynes-Cummings (JC) model can be identified as an element of the superalgebra u(1|1), which plays the role of a dynamical algebra. The extension of this notion to osp(2|2) allows adding both virtual and real two-photon processes to the JC Hamiltonian. The exact diagonalization problem is tackled here in the special case when the coupling constants of the fermionic terms of the "dressed" JC Hamiltonian are assumed to nilpotent Grassman-Banach numbers.

DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.62.137

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We show how, by resorting to a one-fermion realization of the Pauli operators, the Hamiltonian of the Jaynes-Cummings (JC) model can be identified as an element of the superalgebra u(1|1), which plays the role of a dynamical algebra. The extension of this notion to osp(2|2) allows adding both virtual and real two-photon processes to the JC Hamiltonian. The exact diagonalization problem is tackled here in the special case when the coupling constants of the fermionic terms of the "dressed" JC Hamiltonian are assumed to nilpotent Grassman-Banach numbers.
The super-algebraic structure of a generalized version of the Jaynes–Cummings model is investigated. We find that a Z 2 graded extension of the so (2,1) Lie algebra is the underlying symmetry of this model. It is isomorphic to the four-dimensional super-algebra u (1/1) with two odd and two even elements. Differential matrix operators are taken as realization of the elements of the superalgebra to which the model Hamiltonian belongs. Several examples with various choices of superpotentials are presented. The energy spectrum and corresponding wavefunctions are obtained analytically.
Eigenvalues and eigenfunction of two-boson 2x2 Hamiltonians in the framework of the superalgebra osp(2,1) are determined by presenting a similarity transformation. The Hamiltonians include two bosons and one fermion have been transformed in the form of the one variable differential equations and the conditions for its solvability have been discussed. It is observed that the Hamiltonians of the various physical systems can be written in terms of the generators of the osp(2,1) superalgebra and under some certain conditions their eigenstates can exactly be obtained. In particular, the procedure given here is useful in determining eigenstates of the Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonians.
A so far most generalized Jaynes-Cummings (JC) model, which includes not only various ordinary JC models but also a special model describing spin-orbit interaction, is investigated from an algebraic point of view. We find that an alternative representation of su(2) algebra arises naturally from the system. This structure plays an essential role in the generalized system. As one result, the system behaves like a spin-1/2 system moving in a magnetic field. So it is rather easy to obtain the energy levels, eigenstates, and the time evolution operator, or any other quantities of physical interest. Two special cases are considered. Finally, a possible generalization to the three-level system is discussed.
The q-deformations of the quantum harmonic oscillator are used for to describe the generalized Jaynes-Cummings model (JCM) by using the q-analog of the Holstein-Primakoff realization of the su(1,1). The corresponding dynamical symmetry is described by a quantum algebra. The q-analogs of the Barut-Girardello and the Perelomov coherent states are introduced and the expectation value of ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\sigma}}}_{3}$ is calculated. The periodic revivals of the generalized JCM are destroyed for increasing deformation parameter q. The deformed original JCM in the rotating-wave approximation can be described by the u(1\ensuremath{\Vert}1)q{)}_{\mathit{q}})q​, while its relaxation extends the dynamical algebra to the osp(2\ensuremath{\Vert}2)q{)}_{\mathit{q}})q​ quantum superalgebra.
A two-parameter (p, q) deformation of the Jaynes-Cummings model is obtained using a recently developed (p, q)-deformed oscillator. In the rotating wave approximation (RWA) the dynamical symmetry of the model is the quantum superalgebra u p,q (1 mod 1). The partition function of the model is obtained as a path integral over generalized Perelomov coherent states corresponding to the quantum algebra U p.q (1 mod 1). The complete spectrum of the model is extracted for both the case when the coupling constants are Grassman valued and when they are c-number valued. It is noted that a relaxation of the RWA extends the dynamical symmetry to the quantum superalgebra osp p,q (2 mod 2).