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Optics Express

Polarization independent quasi-phase-matched sum frequency generation for single photon detection

Xiao-shi Song, Zi-yan Yu, Qin Wang, Fei Xu, Yanqing Lu

Published Dec 24, 2010• 14 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Polarization independent sum frequency generation (SFG) is proposed in an electro-optic (EO) tunable periodically poled Lithium Niobate (PPLN). The PPLN consists of four sections. External electric field could be selectively applied to them to induce polarization rotation between the ordinary and extraordinary waves. If the domain structure is well designed, the signal wave with an arbitrary polarization state could realize efficient frequency up-conversion as long as a z-polarized pump wave is selected. The applications in single photon detection and optical communications are discussed.

DOI
10.1364/oe.19.000380

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Polarization independent sum frequency generation (SFG) is proposed in an electro-optic (EO) tunable periodically poled Lithium Niobate (PPLN). The PPLN consists of four sections. External electric field could be selectively applied to them to induce polarization rotation between the ordinary and extraordinary waves. If the domain structure is well designed, the signal wave with an arbitrary polarization state could realize efficient frequency up-conversion as long as a z-polarized pump wave is selected. The applications in single photon detection and optical communications are discussed.
Polarization independent sum frequency generation (SFG) is proposed in an electro-optic (EO) tunable periodically poled Lithium Niobate (PPLN). The PPLN consists of four sections. External electric field could be selectively applied to them to induce polarization rotation between the ordinary and extraordinary waves. If the domain structure is well designed, the signal wave with an arbitrary polarization state could realize efficient frequency up-conversion as long as a z polarized pump wave is selected. The applications in single photon detection and optical communications are discussed.
Optical parametric amplification (OPA) of arbitrarily polarized light is proposed in a multi-section periodically poled Lithium Niobate (PPLN). External electric field is applied on selected sections to induce the polarization rotation of involved lights, thus the quasi-phase matched optical parametric processes exhibit polarization insensitivity under suitable voltage. In addition to the amplified signal wave, an idler wave with the same polarization is generated simultaneously. As an example, a ~10 times OPA showing polarization independency is simulated. Applications of this technology are also discussed.
The principle of all-optical wavelength conversion based on the cascaded sum and difference frequency generation (SFG+DFG) in quasi-phase-matched (QPM) periodically poled LiNbO3 (PPLN) waveguides is introduced. The conversion efficiency of the wavelength converter is calculated. The influences of the powers and span of two pumps on the conversion efficiency are analyzed. Bandwidth of one pump wavelength is discussed. The tuning is about 0.5 nm. The signal pulse width is compressed about 0.68 times.
Controlling the polarization state of light at a fast speed is important in both classical and quantum regimes. Here, we present an easily integrated compact tunable linear polarization-state generator of single photons in the telecom wavelength band on a periodically poled lithium niobate on insulator (PPLNOI) chip. The linear polarization of single photons can be continuously rotated by applying a transverse electric field utilizing the electro-optic (EO) effect. With strong light confinement and the large EO coefficient in the PPLNOI ridge waveguide, dramatically reduced driving voltage and fast-speed modulation is realized. Moreover, quantum entanglement is well maintained during the switching of polarization states, as proved in the time-energy entanglement measurement. The scheme holds promise for realizing integrated quantum optics.