Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Physical Review Letters

Time-Resolved Fluorescence from Ba and Ca Excited by a Pulsed Tunable Dye Laser

Peter K. Schenck, Robert C. Hilborn, Harold J. Metcalf

Published Jul 23, 1973• 84 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We have observed the oscillatory magnetic-field and time dependence of the fluorescence from the $^{1}P_{1}$ levels of Ba and Ca excited by a pulsed tunable dye laser. We have observed level-crossing signals narrowed by the technique of time-delayed observation.

DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.31.189

Related papers

Time-resolved fluorescence and population measurements in laser-pumped barium vapour

J. LEONARD BOWEN, Anne P. Thorne

Time-resolved measurements of fluorescence and level populations have been made on barium vapour illuminated by an intense pulse of laser radiation (1 MW cm -2 , 50 ns FWHM) tuned to the resonance transition of Ba I, 6s 2 1 S 0 -6s6p 1 P 1 , at 5535 AA. Barium number densities between 10 13 -10 15 cm -3 were investigated, using a buffer gas of helium at 100 Torr. Fluorescence was measured with two different geometrical arrangements, one allowing partial spatial resolution. In neither case did the observed fluorescence saturate with increasing laser power, although the maximum flux was more than sufficient to burn through the vapour column, as confirmed by transmission measurements. The power loss from the laser beam was found to be compatible with the scattered radiation from the pumped column in the absence of radiation trapping. In contrast to other similar experiments, no significant ionisation was detected (<5%). Time-resolved population measurements by anomalous dispersion on the 6s6p 3 P 2 and 6s5d 1 D 2 metastable levels yielded quenching cross sections for both Ba-Ba and Ba-He collisions, but gave anomalous result for the peak populations. A qualitative explanation of the fluorescence anomaly is proposed on the basis of the AC Stark effect, and it is shown that the same effect can inhibit the onset of stimulated emission to the metastable D levels.

Journal of Physics B Atomic and Molecular Physics•Jan 14, 1985•31 citations

Measurement of natural radiative lifetime of excited levels of Tm atom

Chengfei Wang, Zhankui Jiang, Zhou Dafan +1 more

The natural radiative lifetime of some low-lying excited levels in Tm atoms have been determined from measurements of time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence in atomic beam. The levels were selectively populated by the light from a pulsed tunable dye laser pumped by an excimer laser or a Nd:YAG laser.

•Oct 1, 1988•0 citations

Nanosecond time-resolved spectroscopy with a pulsed tunable dye laser and single photon time correlation

Richard S. Meltzer, R. M. Wood

A technique is described for performing nanosecond time-resolved spectroscopy for situations of extremely low emission rates. The system utilizes a N(2) laser pumped tunable dye laser and single photon time correlation techniques. It is applicable where there is need for nanosecond time resolution on emission which is either long-lived or has extremely low quantum efficiency and especially where monochromatic excitation is required. The technique is applied to the relaxation between a pair of excited states of Tb(3+):Y(OH):(3), where 5-nsec temporal resolution with 2- cm(-1) spectral resolution is easily obtained.

Applied Optics•May 1, 1977•16 citations

Energy transfer and energy pooling from Ba[6s5d(3D1,2,3)) generated following pulsed dye-laser excitation at λ = 553.5 nm and monitored by time-resolved atomic emission from Ba[6s5d(1D2)], Ba[6s6p(3P1)] and Ba[6s6p(1P1)] part I

S. Antrobus, D. Husain, Jie Hong Lei

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A Chemistry•Feb 1, 1997•4 citations

Time-Resolved Spectroscopy With A Narrow-Band Pulsed Dye Laser At High Irradiances

A. R. van Bergen, Tj. Hollander, Cornelis Th. J. Alkemade

We measured the fluorescence spectrum of the Na-D lines in a sodium vapour cell filled with Ar gas, excited by an intense, nearly monochromatic laser near resonance. In this case the theory (dressed-atom model) predicts a line splitting dependent on the laser intensity.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Mar 27, 1985•0 citations

Time-resolved emission studies of the kinetic behaviour of Ca(4 3 P J ) and Sr(5 3 P J ) following pulsed dye-laser excitation. Electronic energy exchange between Ca(4 3 P J ) and Sr(5 3 P j ), energy pooling and decay measurements on Ca(4 3 P J ), Sr(5 3 P J ) and Sr(6 3 S 1)

David Husain, Gareth O. Roberts

The kinetics of Ca(4 3PJ), Sr(5 3PJ) and Sr(6 3S1) have been studied by time-resolved emission following pulsed dye-laser excitation. Ground-state calcium atoms, Ca[4s2(1S0)], in the presence of Sr[5s2(1S0)], were optically excited to the first electronically excited state, Ca[4s4p(3P1)], by means of a dye-laser operating at λ= 657.3 nm [Ca(4 3P1)â†� Ca(4 1S0)]. Following rapid Boltzmann equilibration within the Ca(43PJ) manifold, fast, near-resonant energy transfer took place with Sr(5 1S0) to yield Sr(5 3PJ), together with energy pooling to yield Sr(6 3S1). The following transitions were monitored in the time-resolved mode using pre-trigger photomultiplier gating and boxcar integration with repetitive pulsing on a slow-flow system, kinetically equivalent to a static system: Ca(4 3P1)→ Ca(4 1S0)+hν(λ= 657.3 nm), Sr(5 3P1)→ Sr(5 1S0)+hν(λ= 689.3 nm) and Sr(6 3S1)→ Sr(5 3P0)+hν(λ= 679.1 nm). Detailed measurements of the time dependence of the emission profiles at λ= 657.3 and 689.3 nm demonstrated the rapid establishment of the equilibrium Ca(4 3PJ)+ Sr(5 1S0)⇌ Ca(4 1S0)+ Sr(5 3PJ) and its sustenance throughout kinetic decays. A further comparison of the first-order decay coefficients for the decays of Ca(4 3PJ) and Sr(5 3PJ) with those for Sr(6 3S1) demonstrated energy pooling between Ca(4 3PJ)+ Sr(5 3PJ) and Sr(5 3PJ)+ Sr(5 3PJ). Finally, the measured first-order decay coefficients, k′, for Ca(4 3PJ) and Sr(5 3PJ) in chemical equilibrium with one another are seperated quantitatively into their component parts of spontaneous emission, diffusion, the equilibrium constant connecting the 3PJ states and collisional quenching rate constants. Rate constants for quenching of Ca(4 3PJ) and Sr(5 3PJ) by Kr, Xe, H2 and D2 derived from earlier measurements on the individual atoms are found to be quantitatively consistent with the decay profiles under equilibrium conditions.

Journal of the Chemical Society Faraday Transactions 2 Molecular and Chemical Physics•Jan 1, 1985•7 citations
We have observed the oscillatory magnetic-field and time dependence of the fluorescence from the 1P1^{1}P_{1}1P1​ levels of Ba and Ca excited by a pulsed tunable dye laser. We have observed level-crossing signals narrowed by the technique of time-delayed observation.
Time-resolved measurements of fluorescence and level populations have been made on barium vapour illuminated by an intense pulse of laser radiation (1 MW cm -2 , 50 ns FWHM) tuned to the resonance transition of Ba I, 6s 2 1 S 0 -6s6p 1 P 1 , at 5535 AA. Barium number densities between 10 13 -10 15 cm -3 were investigated, using a buffer gas of helium at 100 Torr. Fluorescence was measured with two different geometrical arrangements, one allowing partial spatial resolution. In neither case did the observed fluorescence saturate with increasing laser power, although the maximum flux was more than sufficient to burn through the vapour column, as confirmed by transmission measurements. The power loss from the laser beam was found to be compatible with the scattered radiation from the pumped column in the absence of radiation trapping. In contrast to other similar experiments, no significant ionisation was detected (<5%). Time-resolved population measurements by anomalous dispersion on the 6s6p 3 P 2 and 6s5d 1 D 2 metastable levels yielded quenching cross sections for both Ba-Ba and Ba-He collisions, but gave anomalous result for the peak populations. A qualitative explanation of the fluorescence anomaly is proposed on the basis of the AC Stark effect, and it is shown that the same effect can inhibit the onset of stimulated emission to the metastable D levels.
A technique is described for performing nanosecond time-resolved spectroscopy for situations of extremely low emission rates. The system utilizes a N(2) laser pumped tunable dye laser and single photon time correlation techniques. It is applicable where there is need for nanosecond time resolution on emission which is either long-lived or has extremely low quantum efficiency and especially where monochromatic excitation is required. The technique is applied to the relaxation between a pair of excited states of Tb(3+):Y(OH):(3), where 5-nsec temporal resolution with 2- cm(-1) spectral resolution is easily obtained.
The kinetics of Ca(4 3PJ), Sr(5 3PJ) and Sr(6 3S1) have been studied by time-resolved emission following pulsed dye-laser excitation. Ground-state calcium atoms, Ca[4s2(1S0)], in the presence of Sr[5s2(1S0)], were optically excited to the first electronically excited state, Ca[4s4p(3P1)], by means of a dye-laser operating at λ= 657.3 nm [Ca(4 3P1)â†� Ca(4 1S0)]. Following rapid Boltzmann equilibration within the Ca(43PJ) manifold, fast, near-resonant energy transfer took place with Sr(5 1S0) to yield Sr(5 3PJ), together with energy pooling to yield Sr(6 3S1). The following transitions were monitored in the time-resolved mode using pre-trigger photomultiplier gating and boxcar integration with repetitive pulsing on a slow-flow system, kinetically equivalent to a static system: Ca(4 3P1)→ Ca(4 1S0)+hν(λ= 657.3 nm), Sr(5 3P1)→ Sr(5 1S0)+hν(λ= 689.3 nm) and Sr(6 3S1)→ Sr(5 3P0)+hν(λ= 679.1 nm). Detailed measurements of the time dependence of the emission profiles at λ= 657.3 and 689.3 nm demonstrated the rapid establishment of the equilibrium Ca(4 3PJ)+ Sr(5 1S0)⇌ Ca(4 1S0)+ Sr(5 3PJ) and its sustenance throughout kinetic decays. A further comparison of the first-order decay coefficients for the decays of Ca(4 3PJ) and Sr(5 3PJ) with those for Sr(6 3S1) demonstrated energy pooling between Ca(4 3PJ)+ Sr(5 3PJ) and Sr(5 3PJ)+ Sr(5 3PJ). Finally, the measured first-order decay coefficients, k′, for Ca(4 3PJ) and Sr(5 3PJ) in chemical equilibrium with one another are seperated quantitatively into their component parts of spontaneous emission, diffusion, the equilibrium constant connecting the 3PJ states and collisional quenching rate constants. Rate constants for quenching of Ca(4 3PJ) and Sr(5 3PJ) by Kr, Xe, H2 and D2 derived from earlier measurements on the individual atoms are found to be quantitatively consistent with the decay profiles under equilibrium conditions.