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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Time-Resolved Spectroscopy With A Narrow-Band Pulsed Dye Laser At High Irradiances

A. R. van Bergen, Tj. Hollander, Cornelis Th. J. Alkemade

Published Mar 27, 1985• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We measured the fluorescence spectrum of the Na-D lines in a sodium vapour cell filled with Ar gas, excited by an intense, nearly monochromatic laser near resonance. In this case the theory (dressed-atom model) predicts a line splitting dependent on the laser intensity.
DOI
10.1117/12.943674

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The sodium DDD resonance lines have been studied in saturated absorption with a repetitively pulsed tunable dye laser. The hyperfine splitting of the 32S123^{2}S_{\frac{1}{2}}32S21​​ and 32P123^{2}P_{\frac{1}{2}}32P21​​ states of Na23{\mathrm{Na}}^{23}Na23 is resolved. Measurements with a delayed probe reveal a remanent hole burning in the velocity distributions of the two ground-state levels, caused by a velocity-selective optical pumping cycle. A time-resolved observation of the collisional-velocity thermalization in the presence of Ar buffer gas is reported.
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The effect of resonance imprisonment on the atomic lifetime which is remarkable in resonance D lines of sodium vapor is largely dependent on the optical thickness of the vapor and on the oscillator strength of the transition. The measurement of resonance imprisonment of sodium D 1 and D 2 lines was made using a N 2 laser-pumped narrow-band dye laser which enables excitation of the D 1 and D 2 lines separately. The measured results were compared with the theories given by Milne and Holstein, each of which shows partial agreement with the results in different vapor pressure regions.
The resonant excitation of the sodium D2 transition by laser radiation was investigated experimentally in this thesis. Line polarization measurement of the resonance fluorescence was employed to investigate the excitation process. The sodium atoms, which were collimated in a very narrow beam, were excited by a monochromatic laser beam with the frequency tuned to resonance with the 32S 112(F=2) - 32P312 hyperfine transition. The direction of the laser beam was perpendicular to the atomic beam and the fluorescence photons were detected along a direction perpendicular to both the laser and atomic beams. The experimental measurements were performed to determine the effect due to the variation of the laser intensity and frequency on the line polarization. A theoretical expression of the line polarization as a function of density matrix elements of the upper excited hyperfine sub -states was derived. A full quantum electrodynamic theory was used to derive an atomic operator equation of motion which was needed to calculate atomic operator elements. These elements then yielded the corresponding density matrix elements. The experimental results and the theoretical modelling were in a good agreement. The first experimental results for the line polarization of the highly excited states, 42D512 and 42D312, are also presented. The use of two lasers enabled these highly excited states to be excited. The line polarization of the fluorescence for transitions from the 4D level down to lower states is derived in terms of the density matrix elements of the upper excited states. Two limiting cases for the theoretical predictions of the line polarization are considered.