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Journal of Modern Optics

Signal Bandwidth and Signal-to-noise Ratio of Passive Cesium Atomic Line Filters

Andreas F. Molisch, Bernhard P Oehry, Walter Schupita, Gottfried Magerl

Published Feb 1, 1993• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

The addition of a noble gas influences signal bandwidth, quantum efficiency, and optical bandwidth of passive cesium atomic line filters. For given signal bandwidth requirements, there exist optimum Cs densities and noble gas pressures that maximize the signal-to-noise ratio at the detector. We derive a quantitative model that includes the effects of radiation trapping at both input and output.

DOI
10.1080/09500349314550211

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The addition of a noble gas influences signal bandwidth, quantum efficiency, and optical bandwidth of passive cesium atomic line filters. For given signal bandwidth requirements, there exist optimum Cs densities and noble gas pressures that maximize the signal-to-noise ratio at the detector. We derive a quantitative model that includes the effects of radiation trapping at both input and output.
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We demonstrate an atomic bandpass optical filter with an equivalent noise bandwidth less than 1 GHz using the D1 line in a cesium vapor. We use the ElecSus computer program to find optimal experimental parameters and find that, for important quantities, the cesium D1 line clearly outperforms other alkali metals on either D-lines. The filter simultaneously achieves a peak transmission of 77%, a passband of 310 MHz, and an equivalent noise bandwidth of 0.96 GHz, for a magnetic field of 45.3 G and a temperature of 68.0°C. Experimentally, the prediction from the model is verified. The experiment and theoretical predictions show excellent agreement.
A direct experiment is performed to determine the quantum efficiency of a cesium fluorescence filter. The fluorescence spectra of cesium atoms are recorded under excitation of the upper states of the second resonance doublet with a Bell–Bloom cesium lamp. Introduction of different noble gases into the cell with cesium leads to the appearance of additional fluorescence photons. It is found that a fluorescence filter based on atomic cesium vapor with addition of helium in the working cell has the highest efficiency and response rate of all known fluorescence filters based on alkali-metal atomic vapors.
Atomic spectral line filter is a narrow band pass optical filter which has many applications in quantum and laser systems. By engineering the system parameters like gas temperature and intensity of magnetic field, the filter with desired characteristics could be obtained. In this work, an atomic spectral line filter for Cesium D1 line (894.6nm) is implemented and characterized. The effect of system parameters on the filter transmission and its bandwidth is investigated. It is observed that by applying a magnetic field of 390 Gauss and adjusting the gas cell temperature on 40°C, a single peak filter with maximum filter transmission and FWHM of 0.24 GHz could be obtained.