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Japanese Journal of Applied Physics

Marked Enhancement of Optical Kerr Signal in Proportion to Fourth Power of Quality Factor of a GaAs/AlAs Multilayer Cavity

Takahiro Kitada, Toshiyuki Kanbara, Shinsuke Yano, Ken Morita, Toshiro Isu

Published Aug 5, 2009• 25 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The enhanced optical Kerr effect in a GaAs/AlAs multilayer cavity has been studied by numerical simulation using the self-consistent transfer matrix method. The simulated Kerr signal intensity of the cavity mode (λ∼1504 nm) markedly increases with increasing multilayer period because of the high quality factor ( Q ) of the multilayer cavity. The simulation results reveal that Kerr signal intensity increases in proportion to Q 4 , which is well explained by the enhanced nonlinear phase shift owing to (1) the large refractive index change induced by the strong internal optical field of the pump light and (2) the long photon lifetime of the probe light in the multilayer cavity.

DOI
10.1143/jjap.48.080203

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The enhanced optical Kerr effect in a GaAs/AlAs multilayer cavity has been studied by numerical simulation using the self-consistent transfer matrix method. The simulated Kerr signal intensity of the cavity mode (λ∼1504 nm) markedly increases with increasing multilayer period because of the high quality factor ( Q ) of the multilayer cavity. The simulation results reveal that Kerr signal intensity increases in proportion to Q 4 , which is well explained by the enhanced nonlinear phase shift owing to (1) the large refractive index change induced by the strong internal optical field of the pump light and (2) the long photon lifetime of the probe light in the multilayer cavity.
Optical Kerr signals markedly enhanced by increasing quality (Q) factor in a GaAs/AlAs multilayer cavity have been demonstrated using time-resolved optical measurements. In the optical Kerr measurements, the spectral width of a laser pulse was well tuned to the peak of the cavity mode using the wavelength-restricted optical system. Although the Q of a 30-pair cavity is only 1.6 times larger than that of a 26-pair cavity, the optical Kerr signal intensity of the 30-pair cavity is 10 times larger than that of the 26-pair cavity. We have revealed that the optical Kerr signal of the GaAs/AlAs multilayer cavity is markedly enhanced nearly proportional to the Q 4 as a result of the enhanced nonlinear phase shift owing to the strong internal optical field and the long photon lifetime of the cavity-mode light.
Abstract Optical Kerr signals of GaAs/AlAs multilayer cavities with various quality factor (Q) were measured by an optical pump and probe technique with ultrashort pulses. Although the light intensity is enhanced in the cavities by Q, light power is restricted by the narrower spectrum of the cavity mode than that of the input ultrashort pulse. The measured Kerr signals showed larger dependence on the quality factor than that expected by simple consideration for the field enhancement effect by cavities. It seems that the nonlinear phase shift in the cavity is enhanced by the photon life time in addition to the field enhancement. This indicates that multilayer cavities are useful for enhancement of the optical Kerr signals. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Abstract Optical Kerr response for a short‐input‐pulse of a GaAs/AlAs multilayer cavity which has a narrow cavity mode width was measured by an optical pump and probe technique. We observed a strong asymmetric temporal profile of the optical Kerr signal in the vicinity of Δt = 0. The initial rising time of the signal was 1.0 ps for Δt < 0, while the decay time was 0.25 ps for Δt > 0. The asymmetric profile of the Kerr signal was analyzed with the pulse shapes of the pump and probe pulses in the cavity. We found that the decay of the Kerr signal for Δt > 0 was faster than that of the profile explained by the pump and probe pulses. This suggests that the strong asymmetric profile of the Kerr signal was occurred by the strong phase shift due to the higher order term of the susceptibility. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Optical Kerr nonlinearity is central to optical bistability in high-Q microcavities. Here, we show that optical Kerr nonlinearities in Fabry Perot resonators can also result in self-focusing effects, that can substantially modify the Q-factors of the resonators. For the studied cavities, up to five-fold increase in Q-factors is predicted, attributed to reduction of sidewall leakage, confirmed via simulations performed on curved cavities. We also show that for high Q-factor cavities, the higher-order Kerr effect can become relevant already at modest input intensities scaling inversely with Q-factor for a particular n2/n4 ratio. We investigate numerically the role of higher-order Kerr effect on optical bistability responses and find that its inclusion can shift the bistability threshold to higher input intensities than predicted by the standard n2-only model.
Summary form only given. The reduced absorption and enhanced nonlinearity in a three-level electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) system are very important in achieving an effective all-optical switching action. The Kerr-nonlinear index of refraction of a three-level EIT medium can be greatly enhanced near resonance due to atomic coherence induced in such a system in comparison with a two-level atomic system, as we have shown by using an optical ring cavity. Both the magnitude and sign of the Kerr-nonlinear index change dramatically for different frequency detunings of the controlling (or coupling) or cavity (or probe) field. Bistability and dynamic instability occur when such a three-level /spl Lambda/-type EIT system is placed inside an optical ring cavity and the controlling and cavity input intensities to exceed certain threshold values. In this paper, we present a recent experimental demonstration of controlling the cavity output intensity by modulating the frequency detuning of the controlling beam.