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Chinese Physics Letters

Controlled Bidirectional Quantum Direct Communication by Using a GHZ State

Man Zhong-Xiao, Yun‐Jie Xia

Published Jun 28, 2006• 116 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A controlled bidirectional quantum secret direct communication scheme is proposed by using a Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) state. In the scheme, two users can exchange their secret messages simultaneously with a set of devices under the control of a third party. The security of the scheme is analysed and confirmed.
DOI
10.1088/0256-307x/23/7/007

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A protocol for three-party quantum secure direct communication based on Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) states was recently proposed by Jin et al. [Phys. Lett. A 354 (2006) 67] By analysing the protocol we find some security loopholes, e.g. one bit of secret messages of a party (Alice in the original paper) can always be leaked straight to the public without any eavesdropping. These problems suggested previously are discussed and possible solutions are presented to improve the security of the original protocol.
A large payload bidirectional quantum secure direct communication (BQSDC) protocol without information leakage is proposed, which is based on entanglement swapping between any two Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) states. Two remote authorized parties, Alice and Bob, can safely exchange their individual secret messages without worrying about the information leakage problem. Our protocol uses a shared secret GHZ state to overcome the information leakage problem. The shared secret GHZ state plays two roles in the bidirectional communication process: on one hand, it lets Bob know the prepared initial state; on the other hand, it is used for encoding Bob's secret messages. Moreover, our protocol can transmit six bits of secret messages per round communication. Compared with those previous BQSDC protocols, the advantage of our protocol lies in having the following two characters simultaneously: on one hand, it overcomes the information leakage problem; one the other hand, its capacity is as high as six bits per round communication.