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Physical Review A

Quantum evolution of classical nonlinear eigenmode in parametric interaction and realization in traps with ions

G. S. Agarwal, J. Banerji

Published Jun 1, 1997• 19 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We study the quantum evolution of Kaplan's nonlinear eigenmode for the degenerate parametric oscillator. We calculate the energy exchange between the subharmonic and fundamental modes under conditions where the classical solution disallows any energy exchange between them. This energy exchange is strictly quantum in nature, i.e., it has no classical analog, and exhibits fractional revivals as well as large quantum fluctuations. We demonstrate how the quantum regime of nonlinear optical interactions can be studied in ion traps.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.55.r4007

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We study the quantum evolution of Kaplan's nonlinear eigenmode for the degenerate parametric oscillator. We calculate the energy exchange between the subharmonic and fundamental modes under conditions where the classical solution disallows any energy exchange between them. This energy exchange is strictly quantum in nature, i.e., it has no classical analog, and exhibits fractional revivals as well as large quantum fluctuations. We demonstrate how the quantum regime of nonlinear optical interactions can be studied in ion traps.
We show how a nonlinear chaotic system, the parametrically kicked nonlinear oscillator, may be realized in the dynamics of a trapped, laser-cooled ion, interacting with a sequence of standing-wave pulses. Unlike the original optical scheme [G. J. Milburn and C. A. Holmes, Phys. Rev. A 44, 4704 (1991)], the trapped ion enables strongly quantum dynamics with minimal dissipation. This should permit an experimental test of one of the quantum signatures of chaos: irregular collapse and revival dynamics of the average vibrational energy.
A strong nonlinear coupling between harmonic oscillators is highly desirable for quantum information processing and quantum simulation, but is difficult to achieve in many physical systems. Here, we exploit the Coulomb interaction between two trapped ions to achieve strong nonlinear coupling between normal modes of motion at the single-phonon level. We experimentally demonstrate phonon up- and down-conversion and apply this coupling to directly measure the parity and Wigner functions of the ions' motional states. Our results represent the fully quantum operation of a degenerate parametric oscillator and hold promise for quantum computation schemes that involve continuous variables.
We describe the transition to quantum chaos of an ion trapped in a linear ion trap and interacting with two laser fields. Under the conditions of adiabatic illumination of the upper level of the ion, and when the frequencies of the two laser beams are slightly different, the system is reduced to a quantum linear oscillator interacting with a monochromatic wave. The property of localization over the quantum resonance cells is proposed to exploit in order to facilitate the process of measurement of the probability distribution of an ion on the vibrational levels. In the regime of strong chaos the time-averaged values of the energy and dispersion of energy are computed and compared with the corresponding classical quantities for different values of the perturbation amplitude. In the exact resonance case, the classical analog of the system possesses an infinite inhomogeneous stochastic web. We analyze the quantum dynamics inside the inhomogeneous web. It is shown that the quantum system mimics on average the dynamics of the corresponding classical system. Formation of the quantum resonance cells is illustrated in the case of a finite detuning from the exact resonance, and under increasing of the wave amplitude. The parameters of the model and the initial conditions are close to the real physical situation which can be realized in the system of cold trapped ion perturbed by two lasers fields with close frequencies. (c) 2000 American Institute of Physics.
The problem of quantum state exchange between three coupled quantum harmonic oscillators (which can represent interacting modes of the electromagnetic field in nonlinear crystal or interaction between laser beams and vibrational modes of ions in traps) is considered. We review different definitions of state exchange and find conditions of its possibility for arbitrary initial states in a chain of three oscillators with bilinear resonance coupling (corresponding to the rotating wave approximation), analyzing the structure of integrals of motion and propagators of the Schr\"odinger equation, as well as the Wigner functions. The influence of different parameters (such as detunings between coupling constants and temperatures of the intermediate oscillator and ``receiver'') on the fidelity of exchange is analyzed.