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Optica Acta International Journal of Optics

Pulse Reshaping in Coherent Interaction with a Resonant Absorber and Application to Measurement of Homogeneous Relaxation Time

Gan Xu, Terence A. King, J. J. Bannister

Published Apr 1, 1984• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The observation of self-induced transparency on the magnetic dipole 2P1/2 F = 3 5 2P3/2 F′ = 4, j MF = 0 transition of atomic iodine has been extended to cover pulse areas up to 4 ~. Laser pulses of various areas have been shown to be reshaped considerably by the coherent field-matter interaction. Pulses have been found to narrow by two-thirds for a 3 ~ -pulse. The lower limit of the homogeneous relaxation time T′2 of atomic iodine vapour is determined from pulse broadening and transmission measurements.

DOI
10.1080/713821516

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The observation of self-induced transparency on the magnetic dipole 2P1/2 F = 3 5 2P3/2 F′ = 4, j MF = 0 transition of atomic iodine has been extended to cover pulse areas up to 4 ~. Laser pulses of various areas have been shown to be reshaped considerably by the coherent field-matter interaction. Pulses have been found to narrow by two-thirds for a 3 ~ -pulse. The lower limit of the homogeneous relaxation time T′2 of atomic iodine vapour is determined from pulse broadening and transmission measurements.
Coherent propagation of intense short laser pulses through degenerate absorbing media is investigated with the use of an atomic-iodine laser-absorber self-resonant combination. Four degenerate systems, the $^{2}P_{\frac{1}{2}}\ensuremath{-}^{2}P_{\frac{3}{2}}$, $F=3\ensuremath{\leftrightarrow}{F}^{\ensuremath{'}}=4$, $\ensuremath{\Delta}{M}_{F}=0,\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1$ and $F=2\ensuremath{\leftrightarrow}{F}^{\ensuremath{'}}=2$, $\ensuremath{\Delta}{M}_{F}=0,\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1$ transitions, are studied under various conditions. Theoretical analysis based on the "pulse-area---pulse-energy" approach shows different pulse propagation behaviors for three typical types of degeneracy. Experimental results give good agreement with theoretical predictions. It is concluded that self-induced transparency exists in any degenerate two-level system, provided that suitable polarization of radiation is used. The usefulness of self-induced-transparency phenomena for measurements of transitional dipole moment and homogeneous relaxation time is also demonstrated.
Self-induced transparency (SIT) has been observed on a Q(J)-branch transition (J=2) for the first time. Coherent field-matter interaction was studied using a photodissociation atomic iodine laser system operating on the 2P1/2 F=2 →2P3/2 F′=2 magnetic dipole hyperfine transition and a self-resonant iodine vapour. With linearly polarized radiation the propagation phenomena are characterized by high transparency and large time delay at pulse areas θ > π and small-pulse splitting at θ ≃ π. With circularly polarized radiation, non-degenerate SIT is observed. The results can be explained by the dynamic effects of the different dipole moments involved in the process.
Self-induced transparency has been observed for the degenerate, $F=3\ensuremath{\rightarrow}4$, hyperfine component of the 1.315-\ensuremath{\mu}m magnetic dipole transition of atomic iodine, at high optical power levels, up to 50 MW ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$. For pulse areas approaching $2\ensuremath{\pi}$, the dynamics of the strong coherent resonant self-focusing which accompanies self-induced transparency have been studied with a streak camera to provide time-dependent analysis of the spatial beam profile.
Self-induced transparency has been observed on a Q(2)Q(2)Q(2)-degenerate transition for the first time. Coherent interaction occurs as a short pulse from the $^{2}P_{\frac{1}{2}}F=2\ensuremath{\rightarrow}^{2}P_{\frac{3}{2}}{F}^{\ensuremath{'}}=2$, magnetic dipole transition of the atomic-iodine laser passes through a self-resonant iodine vapor. High transparency and considerable pulse delay at input pulse areas $\ensuremath{\theta}>\ensuremath{\pi}$, and small-pulse splitting at $\ensuremath{\theta}\ensuremath{\simeq}\ensuremath{\pi}$ characterized the phenomena.
When an intense and short laser pulse or a fast-switching-on/off laser field interacts with a resonant absorbing medium, several optical coherent transient effects can be observed, including the self-induced transparency effect, photon echo effect, optical nutation effect, and the optical free induction decay effect. The study of these effects enables us to gain a deeper understanding of the coherent transient interaction of an intense pulsed or rapidly switched optical field with the resonant medium, and to measure the magnitude of the dipole-moment matrix elements, relaxation parameters, and spectral broadening mechanisms of the investigated materials. On the other hand, these optical coherent transient effects can also be applied for developing special techniques of optical pulse delay, pulse reshaping, and optical pulse manipulation.
The coherent reshaping of short-duration (2–40 nsec) N2O laser pulses in a resonant NH3 absorber is studied for a variable number of absorption lengths (αl ≤ 14). For small-area square pulses, the reshaping can produce subnanosecond pulses at the leading and trailing edges. A rapid phase reversal gives rise to amplification for times comparable to the transverse relaxation time. Zero-degree pulses [∫−∞∞E(z,t) d t=0] are observed to propagate with enhanced transmission for both short-duration low-intensity pulses and longer pulses of intensity sufficient to enable observation of optical nutation effects.