Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Impact of Photon Statistics on Two-Photon Excited Fluorescence

Henning Kurzke, Andreas Jechow, Michael Seefeldt, J. Kiethe, Axel Heuer, R. W. Menzel

Published Jan 1, 2014• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report on utilizing the photon bunching effect in thermal light to enhance the efficiency of Two-Photon Excited Fluorescence (TPEF) under continuous wave illumination. This has potential applications in microscopy.
DOI
10.1364/cleo_qels.2014.ff1d.5

Related papers

Enhancing two-photon excited fluorescence by using thermal light

Andreas Jechow, Michael Seefeldt, Henning Kurzke +2 more

Two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) has become a standard technique in modern microscopy but it is still affected by photo-damage of the probe owed to high excitation intensities. This work reports on utilizing the photon bunching effect in thermal light to enhance the efficiency of TPEF under continuous wave excitation. A super-luminescence diode (SLD) was used as thermal light source and compared it to coherent excitation from a DFB diode laser emitting at the same wavelength. The degree of second order coherence g(2)of both sources was measured. The SLD showed photon bunching with g(2)= 1.90±0.2 as expected for thermal light, while the DFB diode laser emitted coherent light exhibiting no photon bunching at g(2)= 1.

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)•May 1, 2013•0 citations

Is Heralded Two-Photon Excited Fluorescence with Single Absorbers Possible with Current Technology?

Andreas Jechow

The interaction between single or a fixed number of photons with a single absorber is of fundamental interest in quantum technology. The harnessing of light matter interactions at the single particle limit has several potential applications ranging from quantum communication and quantum metrology to quantum imaging. In this perspective, a setup for heralded two-photon excited fluorescence at the single absorber level is proposed. The setup is based on a heralded two-photon source utilizing spontaneous parametric down-conversion, entanglement swapping and sum frequency generation for joint detection. This perspective aimed at triggering a discussion about the study of TPA and TPEF with only very few photons. The feasibility of the scheme is assessed by estimating the performance based on state-of-the-art technologies and losses, with the conclusion that the realization appears to be very challenging, but not completely impossible.

Photonics•Jan 19, 2022•2 citations

Near-lossless method for generating thermal photon-bunched light

Xi Jie Yeo, Darren Ming Zhi Koh, Justin Yu Xiang Peh +2 more

Thermal light sources exhibiting photon bunching have been suggested for sensing applications that exploit timing correlations of stationary light, including range finding, clock synchronization, and non-line-of-sight imaging. However, these proposals have remained unrealized in practice because available sources of photon bunching either possess coherence times too short to be timing resolved by photodetectors, or produce brightness levels too low to tolerate realistic return losses. In this work, we demonstrate a low-loss method for generating photon bunching with a conversion efficiency nearly 9 orders of magnitude higher than that achieved by many other bunching processes.

quant-pharXiv:2602.00633•Feb 3, 2026•0 citations

Enhanced two-photon excited fluorescence from imaging agents using true thermal light

Andreas Jechow, Michael Seefeldt, Henning Kurzke +2 more

arXiv:1310.4297•Nature Photonics•Oct 5, 2013•84 citations

Efficient Production of Photon Bunching From Laser Light for Rangefinding

Darren Ming Zhi Koh, Xi Jie Yeo, Justin Yu Xiang Peh +2 more

Temporal photon bunching is the phenomena in which photons tend to cluster together on a short time scale. This effect can be quantified using the second order coherence$g^{(2)}(\tau)$of the light. Photon bunching has been utilized in LIDAR, ghost imaging and simulating star light. In these applications, bunched light is typically generated inefficiently by sending coherent laser light through a phase randomization media, such as a rotating ground glass [1] or a liquid suspension of microspheres [2].

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)•Jun 23, 2025•0 citations

High-Flux Biphoton Source for Two-Photon Excited Fluorescence

Andreas Jechow, Henning Kurzke, Axel Heuer +1 more

A signal enhancement of an order of magnitude was observed at low light levels using biphotons for sum-frequency generation compared to coherent light. We will discuss issues of applying biphotons to two-photon excited fluorescence.

•Jan 1, 2014•0 citations
Two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) has become a standard technique in modern microscopy but it is still affected by photo-damage of the probe owed to high excitation intensities. This work reports on utilizing the photon bunching effect in thermal light to enhance the efficiency of TPEF under continuous wave excitation. A super-luminescence diode (SLD) was used as thermal light source and compared it to coherent excitation from a DFB diode laser emitting at the same wavelength. The degree of second order coherence g(2)of both sources was measured. The SLD showed photon bunching with g(2)= 1.90±0.2 as expected for thermal light, while the DFB diode laser emitted coherent light exhibiting no photon bunching at g(2)= 1.
The interaction between single or a fixed number of photons with a single absorber is of fundamental interest in quantum technology. The harnessing of light matter interactions at the single particle limit has several potential applications ranging from quantum communication and quantum metrology to quantum imaging. In this perspective, a setup for heralded two-photon excited fluorescence at the single absorber level is proposed. The setup is based on a heralded two-photon source utilizing spontaneous parametric down-conversion, entanglement swapping and sum frequency generation for joint detection. This perspective aimed at triggering a discussion about the study of TPA and TPEF with only very few photons. The feasibility of the scheme is assessed by estimating the performance based on state-of-the-art technologies and losses, with the conclusion that the realization appears to be very challenging, but not completely impossible.
Thermal light sources exhibiting photon bunching have been suggested for sensing applications that exploit timing correlations of stationary light, including range finding, clock synchronization, and non-line-of-sight imaging. However, these proposals have remained unrealized in practice because available sources of photon bunching either possess coherence times too short to be timing resolved by photodetectors, or produce brightness levels too low to tolerate realistic return losses. In this work, we demonstrate a low-loss method for generating photon bunching with a conversion efficiency nearly 9 orders of magnitude higher than that achieved by many other bunching processes.
Temporal photon bunching is the phenomena in which photons tend to cluster together on a short time scale. This effect can be quantified using the second order coherenceg(2)(τ)g^{(2)}(\tau)g(2)(τ)of the light. Photon bunching has been utilized in LIDAR, ghost imaging and simulating star light. In these applications, bunched light is typically generated inefficiently by sending coherent laser light through a phase randomization media, such as a rotating ground glass [1] or a liquid suspension of microspheres [2].