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Optics Communications

Teleportation of entangled photon states

Kehui Song, Weijun Zhang

Published Aug 1, 2001• 8 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/s0030-4018(01)01342-6

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We present an overview of the method for generating entangled photon pairs via spontaneous parametric down conversion and the experimental method of detecting entangled states or Bell-states with the use of photon statistics, the two key systems required to realize quantum state teleportation and other related experiments. As a proof of the quantum nature of teleportation we performed an entanglement swapping experiment, where the teleported state itself was entangled. The experiment clearly showed that the entanglement survived the teleportation, as the quantum correlations of the teleported photon violated Bell's inequality.
Abstract Quantum teleportation enables a way to transmit an arbitrary qubit state from one location to another. The standard scheme for teleportation in optical setups involves three photons: an entangled photon pair and a photon carrying the quantum state to be teleported. The interaction between photons in such schemes makes quantum teleportation probabilistic. Here, we demonstrate a novel scheme for deterministic quantum teleportation of an arbitrary qubit state using only a polarization-entangled photon pair in a linear optical setup. By introducing the path degree of freedom (DOF) to one of the entangled photons and encoding the arbitrary qubit state into it, we achieve complete Bell state discrimination within our measurement strategy. This enables deterministic teleportation of a qubit state in an optical scheme with high fidelity. We report an average teleportation fidelity of 0.88±0.040.88 \pm 0.040.88±0.04 0.88 ± 0.04 . The dependence of fidelity on the visibility of single-photon interference used in our scheme highlights the possibility of further improving the teleportation fidelity.
Quantum Teleportation, the transfer of the state of one quantum system to another without direct interaction between both systems, is an important way to transmit information encoded in quantum states and to generate quantum correlations (entanglement) between remote quantum systems. So far, for photons, only superpositions of two distinguishable states (one "qubit") could be teleported. Here we show how to teleport a "qudit", i.e. a superposition of an arbitrary number d of distinguishable states present in the orbital angular momentum of a single photon using d beam splitters and d additional entangled photons. The same entanglement resource might also be employed to collectively teleport the state of d/2 photons at the cost of one additional entangled photon per qubit. This is superior to existing schemes for photonic qubits, which require an additional pair of entangled photons per qubit.