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Optics Letters

Small-signal gain generated by two pump waves in a nonlinear medium

C. V. Heer

Published Nov 1, 1981• 14 citations
Publisher

Abstract

It is shown that pump waves A and B at angle phi in a nonlinear medium generate gain for a signal wave C at the halfangle between the pump waves.
DOI
10.1364/ol.6.000549

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Nondegenerate four-wave-mixing (fwm) is a process by which one or two pump fields generate two signal beams, with conservation of the total photon energy and momentum. The signal beams can be distinguished by their frequency, or by their wave vector, or by their polarization. When the nonlinear medium which creates the fwm process is contained in a resonant cavity, the signal generation is caused by an instability, because the signal fields experience gain (fwm gain), and when this gain overcomes the cavity losses the signal beams build up. This chapter discusses several static and dynamical instabilities which arise from nondegenerate fwm. It considers a cavity with plane mirrors and examines the properties of quantum noise reduction which arise in the intensity difference between the signal beams generated by the fwm process. The chapter illustrates the problem of Gauss-Laguerre transverse modes in a ring cavity with spherical mirrors.
Recently it was shown that in disordered media, nonlinear backscattering of phase-conjugated signal light is possible in the presence of only a single pump wave, in contrast to the case of an ordered medium where two counterpropagating pump waves are necessary. Formally, this disorder-induced nonlinear process corresponds to the cooperon-channel (back)scattering of the signal wave in the presence of diffusion propagation of the pump wave. (The cooperon is the Cooper particle-particle diffusion propagator.) In this contribution, the question is considered whether the disorder-induced backscattering of phase-conjugated light can restore the disturbed signal wave front as it does in the ordered case. Examining correlations of the outgoing waves corresponding to different incoming signal waves, it is shown that the backscattered waves possess a ``phase memory'' even for a large difference of the angles of incidence of incoming waves. This is in contrast to the case of linear backscattering, where such correlations take place only at a very small difference of the angles of incidence (of the order of backscattering peak width). Thus the phase conjugation in disordered media does possess the peculiar coherent properties of that in ordered media.