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Chinese Physics

Two-mode mazer injected with V-type three-level atoms

Liang Wen-Qing, Zhi‐Ming Zhang, Xie Sheng-wu

Published Dec 1, 2003• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The properties of the two-mode mazer operating on V-type three-level atoms are studied. The effect of the one-atom pumping on the two modes of the cavity field in number-state is asymmetric, that is, the atom emits a photon into one mode with some probability and absorbs a photon from the other mode with some other probability. This effect makes the steady-state photon distribution and the steady-state photon statistics asymmetric for the two modes. The diagram of the probability currents for the photon distribution, given by the analysis of the master equation, reveals that there is no detailed balance solution for the master equation. The computations show that the photon statistics of one mode or both modes can be sub-Poissonian, that the two modes can have anticorrelation or correlation, that the photon statistics increases with the increase of thermal photons and that the resonant position and strength of the photon statistics are influenced by the ratio of the two coupling strengths of the two modes. These properties are also discussed physically.

DOI
10.1088/1009-1963/12/12/012

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Acta Physica Sinica•Jan 1, 2001•2 citations
The properties of the two-mode mazer operating on V-type three-level atoms are studied. The effect of the one-atom pumping on the two modes of the cavity field in number-state is asymmetric, that is, the atom emits a photon into one mode with some probability and absorbs a photon from the other mode with some other probability. This effect makes the steady-state photon distribution and the steady-state photon statistics asymmetric for the two modes. The diagram of the probability currents for the photon distribution, given by the analysis of the master equation, reveals that there is no detailed balance solution for the master equation. The computations show that the photon statistics of one mode or both modes can be sub-Poissonian, that the two modes can have anticorrelation or correlation, that the photon statistics increases with the increase of thermal photons and that the resonant position and strength of the photon statistics are influenced by the ratio of the two coupling strengths of the two modes. These properties are also discussed physically.
The work of Meyer, Scully, and Walther [Phys. Rev. A 56, 4142 (1997)] is generalized to study the operation of a two-mode mazer with particular reference to the question of mode-mode correlations. The explicit expression for the detailed balance steady-state photon distribution has been derived. It is shown that the two-mode mazer exhibits much stronger sub-Poissonian statistics for each mode. The photon-number distributions are found to be quite sensitive to the presence of blackbody photons in the cavity. The interferences among contributions from different dressed states enable one to obtain the phase of the transmission amplitude of finding the atom in the initial excited state by considering a set of two measurements involving two different initial states of the atom-field system.
The idea of a mazer is put forward with particular reference to the question of the driving-induced atomic coherence, which is established by a coherent driving field. The interaction of a quantum cavity field and an ultracold V-type three-level atom in which two levels are coupled by a coherent driving field, is derived. Its general quantum theory is established and the atomic emission probability and photon statistics are calculated and analysed. It is found that the mazer based on this driving-induced atomic coherence shows new features. There is a non-vanishing probability for the atom emitting a photon in the cavity even when the resonance condition is not fulfilled (here the resonance condition means that the cavity length is an integer multiple of half the atomic de Broglie wavelength). Under the resonance condition, the atomic emission probability has two sets of resonance peaks. For a very strong coherent driving field, the emission of the atom can be forbidden. As to the photon statistics, when the driving field is not very strong, the driving-induced atomic coherence reduces the photon number fluctuations of the cavity field. The photon statistics exhibits strong sub-Poissonian behaviour. In the region considered here, it can even be sub-Poissonian for any cavity length. However, when the driving field is too strong, the sub-Poissonian property may disappear.
We present the quantum theory of the two-mode micromaser operating on \ensuremath{\Lambda}-type three-level atoms. The explicit expression of the detailed-balance steady-state photon distribution is derived. The photon statistics and the correlation between the modes are studied. It is shown that due to the strong anticorrelation between the modes the fluctuations in the total number of photons may be sub-Poissonian even when the fluctuations in the number of photons in each mode are super-Poissonian.
We examine the competition among one- and two-photon processes in an ultracold, three-level atom undergoing cascade transitions as a result of its interaction with a bimodal cavity. We show parameter domains where two-photon transitions are dominant, and we also study the effect of two-photon emission on the mazer action in the cavity. The two-photon emission leads to the loss of detailed balance and therefore we obtain the photon statistics of the cavity field by the numerical integration of the master equation. The photon distribution in each cavity mode exhibits sub- and super-Poissonian behaviors depending on the strength of atom-field coupling. The photon distribution becomes identical to a Poisson distribution when the atom-field coupling strengths of the modes are equal.
The statistical and squeezing properties of the cavity light produced by a three-level laser are studied. In the laser, N three-level atoms in an open cavity are coupled with a two-mode vacuum reservoir and are pumped to the top level by means of the electron bombardment. Applying the steady-state solutions of the equations of evolution of the expectation values of the atomic operators and the quantum Langevin equations for the cavity mode operators, we have obtained the global and local photon statistics for single-mode cavity light beams and for two-mode cavity light. It is found that the global mean photon number and the global photon-number variance of the light emitted from the top are greater than those for the light emitted from intermediate level. The cavity lights emitted from the top and intermediate levels can be separately in a chaotic state under certain conditions. However, the two-mode cavity light is in a squeezed state under certain conditions. We have established that the maximum quadrature squeezing of the two-mode cavity light to be about 46% below the coherent-state level. The presence of the vacuum reservoir noise has the effect of increasing the photon-number variance and decreasing the quadrature squeezing of the cavity light but has no effect on the mean photon number. We have shown that the local mean photon number and photon number variance of the cavity light approach the global mean photon number and photon number variance of the cavity light as the frequency interval increases.
The effects of the atomic coherence on the photon statistics of the micromaser injected with ultra-cold V-type three-level atoms are studied.In the plot of the atomic emission probability versus the cavity length, there are resonance peaks and non-resonance platforms, which can be adjusted by the atomic coherence parameters.These features of emission probability affect the properties of photon statistics directly. In the plot of the mean number of photons versus the cavity length, there are resonance peaks and non-resonance platforms,too. Given a cavity length, with the change of the atomic coherence parameters, the distribution of photon numbers can move towards the large or small photon numbers, and the mean number of photons increases or decreases accordingly.We also find, with appropriate atomic coherence parameters, that the photon statistics are sub-Poissonian in large region of the cavity length.