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Physical Review A

Migration of population to higher-angular-momentum Rydberg states through the degenerate Raman coupling

R. Grobe, Gerd Leuchs, Kazimierz Rza̧żewski

Published Aug 1, 1986• 22 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We formulate a model describing migration of population from low-l to higher-l states of the same principal quantum number in the highly excited state of the atom. The physical mechanism is the degenerate, nearly resonant Raman coupling. Specific calculations are performed for the hydrogen atom. The laser light is modeled as a monochromatic coherent or chaotic colored noise.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.34.1188

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We formulate a model describing migration of population from low-l to higher-l states of the same principal quantum number in the highly excited state of the atom. The physical mechanism is the degenerate, nearly resonant Raman coupling. Specific calculations are performed for the hydrogen atom. The laser light is modeled as a monochromatic coherent or chaotic colored noise.
An analytical study is presented of two models of intense-laser ionization from an isolated initial state via a band of high-Rydberg states in a system which bears many features of the hydrogen atom. The models differ in the way the population from the directly excited Rydberg states can migrate to the states of higher angular momenta. In one of them it migrates via nonresonant and in the other via resonant degenerate Raman coupling. Within these models we draw conclusions about the efficiency of migration, the initial-state lifetime, the redistribution of population, the laser intensities stabilizing the atom against ionization, the effect of the initial state on the threshold stabilizing intensity, as well as about stabilizing mechanisms versus the initial-state choice.
Numerical integration of the Schr\"odinger equation for the resonant single-photon excitation from the 1s1s1s to 10p10p10p state in atomic hydrogen has been used to produce solutions converged to a precision of a few parts per million. At all intensities investigated (in the range 10−−100TW/cm2),10--100{\mathrm{T}\mathrm{W}/\mathrm{c}\mathrm{m}}^{2}),10−−100TW/cm2), the population in the states having angular momentum higher than l=1\mathcal{l}=1l=1 after a narrowband (500 fs) laser pulse are found to be neglible. This shows that off-resonant states can effectively suppress Raman-like transitions to degenerate states of higher angular momentum. Instead of such mixing, strong Rabi-like oscillations between 1s1s1s and the np\mathrm{np}np Rydberg series are observed.
We analyze the excitation of atoms by intense pulsed laser fields and describe a mechanism leading to effective dynamical stabilization at a photon energy below the unperturbed binding energy. At low and intermediate intensities, the atom is left in a coherent superposition of the initial state and a set of Rydberg states which is stable against ionization; this effect subsists for pulse durations presently accessible to experiment. At higher intensities, population is transferred through degenerate Raman coupling to Rydberg states of higher angular momentum.
We introduce a model of laser pulse ionization of a high Rydberg state whose core is a chain of coupled V-type transitions with exact resonance in each arm of the V. Through this chain the population is allowed to migrate resonantly from the initial state of low angular momentum to other bound states of higher angular momenta, both of low and high energy. Along with the redistribution of the initial population over different bound states, we discuss the effect of the redistribution on atomic stabilization, exploiting an analytical solution of the model that holds in a limiting case. The resonant migration mentioned is shown to be able to enhance atomic stabilization against ionization by an optical-frequency pulse.
Within a fully analytically solvable model, we discuss the mechanisms of strong-field suppression of ionization from the initial s state via a family of p Rydberg states to s and d continua. Both Raman coupling via a continuum between different p Rydberg states and Raman migration of population via d continuum from p to higher angular momentum f Rydberg states are considered. The results are compared with those obtained neglecting Raman couplings via the continuum between Rydberg states of the same and different angular momenta. A profound effect of Raman couplings on ionization is demonstrated.