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Canadian Journal of Research

DURATION OF METASTABLE STATES

John M. Anderson

Published Apr 1, 1931• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Improved experimental methods for the measurement of time durations of metastable atoms have been developed, and measurements made for a series of pressures at room temperature and at liquid-air temperature of the decay curves for the absorption of λ 7635 Å in argon.
DOI
10.1139/cjr31-022

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The rate of decay of absorption of six neon lines λ 6402, λ 6334, λ 6266, λ 6163, λ 6143 and λ 5945 has been measured for a series of pressures at room temperature and at the temperature of liquid air. Curves showing the variation of half-life with pressure have been plotted for each line at both temperatures. It is found that the function [Formula: see text] is exponential in the time, and that the rate of decay is markedly different at the same pressure and temperature for different lines ending in the same meta-stable state.
The half-value time of absorption from meta-stable electronic atomic states is calculated on the hypothesis that the whole decay is due to collision phenomena. Definite assumptions, which include the atomic energy level scheme, are made as to the efficiency of collisions and the interaction of two meta-stable states in these processes. The assumption adopted as the only one producing an approximation to experimental facts shows that the probability of an exchange is dependent on the absolute value of the energy difference between the states concerned. The results calculated from the final formula, for helium, neon and argon at normal and very low temperatures depend on one arbitrary constant, which is the same for all states and gases considered, and show fair agreement with any experimental values so far published. An estimate is made of the energy tolerance of a quantum transition.
Half value time for the 23{2}^{3}23P0{\mathrm{P}}_{0}P0​ state of Hg for various pressures of admixed N2{\mathrm{N}}_{2}N2​--- A high speed rotating disk has been used to interrupt the total radiation from a water-cooled and magnetically controlled quartz mercury arc before optically exciting mercury vapor in a quartz resonance tube at room temperature. In the neighborhood of ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}$ sec. after the optical excitation a flash of visible radiation from another water-cooled and magnetically controlled mercury arc was passed through the resonance tube and the absorption spectrum photographed. The line 4047 ($2^{3}P_{0}\ensuremath{-}2^{3}S_{1}$) showed strong absorption when a few millimeters of nitrogen were introduced into the resonance tube. The lines 4077, 4358, 5461, 5770 and 5790 showed no measurable absorption under similar conditions. The rate of decay of the amount of 4047 absorbed with respect to the time-wait after excitation of the mercury vapor was taken as the rate of decay of the metastable 23P02^{3}P_{0}23P0​ state. The life or half-value time of the state was found to vary markedly with the pressure of admixed nitrogen. The maximum life 4.2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}$ sec. occurred for 6.8 mm of nitrogen. No absorption of 4047 was observed upon the introduction of hydrogen, argon, neon, or helium into the resonance tube.