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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

M1/E2 amplitude ratio in the magnetic field-induced two-color mixing on alkali atoms

Polina V. Mironova, Vitalii D Ovsiannikov, Viacheslav V. Tchernouchkine

Published Mar 2, 2006• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Polarization dependence of amplitude for resonant magnetic-field-induced coherent mixing of two collinear laser waves may be used for separating M1 and E2 contributions to n1 2P1/2(3/2) - n2 2P3/2(1/2) dipole-forbidden transition in atoms. The interference between E2 and Ml terms of the amplitude may cause linear polarization and circular dichroism effects. The dependencies of the two effects on the width and splitting of resonance levels, on resonance detuning, on relative directions of steady and alternating field vectors are determined. Numerical data are presented for frequency summation of two laser waves on Cs, Rb and K atoms.

DOI
10.1117/12.677967

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Polarization dependence of amplitude for resonant magnetic-field-induced coherent mixing of two collinear laser waves may be used for separating M1 and E2 contributions to n1 2P1/2(3/2) - n2 2P3/2(1/2) dipole-forbidden transition in atoms. The interference between E2 and Ml terms of the amplitude may cause linear polarization and circular dichroism effects. The dependencies of the two effects on the width and splitting of resonance levels, on resonance detuning, on relative directions of steady and alternating field vectors are determined. Numerical data are presented for frequency summation of two laser waves on Cs, Rb and K atoms.
Polarization dependence of amplitude for resonant magnetic-field-induced coherent mixing of two collinear laser waves may be used for separating M 1 and E 2 contributions to n 1 2 P 1/2(3/2) – n 2 2 P 3/2(1/2) dipole-forbidden transition in atoms. In particular, the interference between E 2 and M 1 terms of the amplitude may cause linear polarization and circular dichroism effects. The dependencies of the two polarization effects on the width and splitting of resonance levels, on resonance detuning, on relative directions of steady and alternating field vectors are determined. A static electric field may induce essential changes to the cross section for the magnetic-field-induced mixing, modifying its dependence on the magnetic field and incident wave polarization vectors. Relations between the M 1/ E 2 amplitude ratio and quantitative characteristics of polarization asymmetry in cross section are determined. Numerical data are presented for coherent mixing of two laser waves on Cs, Rb and K atoms.
A static electric field may induce essential changes to the cross section for the magnetic-field-induced coherent frecuency mixing of two laser waves, modifying the cross-section dependence on the magnetic field and polarization vectors of incident waves, which depends on the ratio of M1/E2 contributions to n1 2P1/2 (3/2) - n2 2P3/2(1/2) radiation transition amplitude. Relations between the M1/E2 ratio and quantitative characteristics of polarization asymmetry in cross section are determined. Calculated numerical data are presented for coherent mixing of two laser waves on Cs, Rb and K atoms.
Application of a steady magnetic field allows sum-frequency radiation generated via dipole-forbidden mixing of two-colour fields in an atomic medium to be emitted in the (otherwise forbidden) forward direction. As a result of resonance tuning at low-field strength (not exceeding 0.1 T) a fourth-order magnetic-dipole-induced amplitude for the sum-frequency process can be made comparable to the third-order field-free amplitude. We show that the interference between different terms of the field-dependent amplitude may cause the circular dichroism of the forward-scattering cross section for one of the two incident waves or the sum-frequency wave when the other two waves are linearly polarized. The dichroism effect is due to the dissipation processes determined by the resonant level width Γ and depends strongly both on Γ and the resonance detuning Δ. The effect may be used to control the frequency conversion process or to make possible a frequency mixing laser spectroscopy of excited atomic levels.
The effect is determined of a steady electric or/and magnetic field on coherent frequency mixing of a two-colour radiation in atoms. Analytical formulas for the cross section dependence on polarization have been derived which provide information on a possible way to determining E2/M1 amplitude ratio from the efficiency of the de-field-induced coherent process for collinear laser waves. The polarization-dependent properties of the process’ cross section are determined analytically in the case of Indium and Thallium atoms.
The effect of a dc electric and (or) magnetic field on the cross section for coherent mixing of two laser waves in atoms is determined. Analytic expressions are obtained for the cross-section dependence on polarisation of incident and generated waves, which allow the measurement of the E2/M1 amplitude ratio Q from the efficiency of a constant-field-induced coherent process for collinear waves. Analytic expressions are also derived for the polarisation dependence of the cross section for frequency mixing in indium and thallium atoms.
The fine-structure splitting of resonance atomic levels causes essential effects on the amplitude of a two-colour frequency mixing in a magnetic field. The fine-structure effects are analysed in the scattering cross section, and particularly in the circular dichroism phenomena, such as the elliptical polarization of the generated wave, when both incident waves are linearly polarized, and the dependence of the cross section on the helicity of one of the incident waves when the other one is linearly polarized. Together with general analytic expressions for the amplitude, the numerical data are presented for three different double-resonant routes involving two dipole and one quadrupole interactions of atoms with a field. The results may be useful for the polarization control of the process in an atomic vapour and for the frequency-mixing spectroscopic studies of atomic structure.