Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Chinese Physics Letters

Optical Realization of Deterministic Entanglement Concentration of Polarized Photons

Gu Yong-Jian, Xian Liang, Wendong Li, Ma Lizhen

Published Apr 1, 2008• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose a scheme for optical realization of deterministic entanglement concentration of polarized photons. To overcome the difficulty due to the lack of sufficiently strong interactions between photons, teleportation is employed to transfer the polarization states of two photons onto the path and polarization states of a third photon, which is made possible by the recent experimental realization of the deterministic and complete Bell state measurement. Then the required positive operator-valued measurement and further operations can be implemented deterministically by using a linear optical setup. All these are within the reach of current technology.

DOI
10.1088/0256-307x/25/4/008

Related papers

Optimal deterministic entanglement concentration of polarized photons through direct sum extension

Wendong Li, Wen-Zhao Zhang, Ma Lizhen +1 more

A scheme for optimal deterministic entanglement concentration is proposed, and its corresponding optical realization based on a cavity-assisted linear optical system is presented. In this scheme, the quantum circuit devised is simpler than that built in [Y. J. Gu, et al. (2006), Phys. Rev. A. 73, 022321], as it requires the minimum ancillary dimensions and the number of unitary operations. Moreover, we show that, by introducing a path-polarization entanglement state based on the direct sum extension method, three elementary controlled phase-flip gates between two photons are sufficient in the design of its optical realization scheme, making it easy to be implemented from the experimental point of view. Meanwhile, the scheme is verified effective to recover highly entangled pairs from mixed states.

Quantum Information and Computation•Jul 1, 2011•1 citation

Deterministic quantum teleportation of a path-encoded state using entangled photons

Akshai T. Krishnan, Kanad Sengupta, S. P. Dinesh +1 more

Abstract Quantum teleportation enables a way to transmit an arbitrary qubit state from one location to another. The standard scheme for teleportation in optical setups involves three photons: an entangled photon pair and a photon carrying the quantum state to be teleported. The interaction between photons in such schemes makes quantum teleportation probabilistic. Here, we demonstrate a novel scheme for deterministic quantum teleportation of an arbitrary qubit state using only a polarization-entangled photon pair in a linear optical setup. By introducing the path degree of freedom (DOF) to one of the entangled photons and encoding the arbitrary qubit state into it, we achieve complete Bell state discrimination within our measurement strategy. This enables deterministic teleportation of a qubit state in an optical scheme with high fidelity. We report an average teleportation fidelity of $0.88 \pm 0.04$ 0.88 ± 0.04 . The dependence of fidelity on the visibility of single-photon interference used in our scheme highlights the possibility of further improving the teleportation fidelity.

arXiv:2502.05071•EPJ Quantum Technology•Nov 14, 2025•2 citations

Complete and deterministic discrimination of polarization Bell states assisted by momentum entanglement

Marco Barbieri, Giuseppe Vallone, Paolo Mataloni +1 more

A complete and deterministic Bell state measurement was realized by a simple linear optics experimental scheme which adopts two-photon polarization-momentum hyperentanglement. The scheme, which is based on the discrimination among the single photon Bell states of the hyperentangled state, requires the adoption of standard single photon detectors. The four polarization Bell states have been measured with average fidelity $F=0.889\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.010$ by using the linear momentum degree of freedom as the ancilla. The feasibility of the scheme has been characterized as a function of the purity of momentum entanglement.

arXiv:quant-ph/0609080•Physical Review A•Apr 17, 2007•191 citations

Optimal deterministic entanglement concentration of polarized photons through direct sum extension and cavity-assisted interaction

LiWen-Dong, ZhangWen-Zhao, MaLi-Zhen +1 more

A scheme for optimal deterministic entanglement concentration is proposed, and its corresponding optical realization based on a cavity-assisted linear optical system is presented. In this scheme, t...

Quantum Information and Computation•Jul 1, 2011•0 citations

POLARIZATION ENTANGLEMENT CONCENTRATIONS WITH LESS-HYPERENTANGLED PHOTON PAIRS IN MULTIPLE DEGREES OF FREEDOM

Ying Guo, HONGYAN KUANG, Dazu Huang +1 more

We demonstrate two entanglement concentration protocols (ECPs) for photon pairs in less-hyperentanglement, the simultaneous entanglement in multiple degrees of freedom. Using these ECPs, some maximally entangled states in polarization can be reconstructed deterministically from less-hyperentangled ones shared between remote participants. Both of the success probabilities are 100% in principle, and they do not require additional single photons. The former is implemented with the passive linear optics, which is achievable with current technology. The later adopts the cross-Kerr nonlinearity media to complete this task, which can increase the efficiency of the entanglement concentration process since it does not require the sophisticated single-photon detectors for measurements. The two ECPs are useful for practical long-distance quantum communication due to the fact that the entangled state in either the spatial degree of freedom or the frequency degree of freedom suffers little from channel noise in optical fiber.

International Journal of Quantum Information•Oct 1, 2012•2 citations

Linear Optics Quantum Communication over Long Distances

Zeng‐Bing Chen, Huai-Xin Lu, Zhang, Yong-De

We propose a feasible scheme for teleporting an arbitrary polarization state or entanglement of photons by requiring only single-photon (SP) sources, simple linear optical elements and SP quantum non-demolition measurements. An unknown SP polarization state can be faithfully teleported either to a duplicate polarization state or to an entangled state. Our proposal can be used to implement long-distance quantum communication in a simple way. The scheme is within the reach of current technology and significantly simplifies the realistc implementation of long-distance high-fidelity quantum communication with photon qubits.

arXiv:quant-ph/0202040•Feb 7, 2002•0 citations
We propose a scheme for optical realization of deterministic entanglement concentration of polarized photons. To overcome the difficulty due to the lack of sufficiently strong interactions between photons, teleportation is employed to transfer the polarization states of two photons onto the path and polarization states of a third photon, which is made possible by the recent experimental realization of the deterministic and complete Bell state measurement. Then the required positive operator-valued measurement and further operations can be implemented deterministically by using a linear optical setup. All these are within the reach of current technology.
A scheme for optimal deterministic entanglement concentration is proposed, and its corresponding optical realization based on a cavity-assisted linear optical system is presented. In this scheme, the quantum circuit devised is simpler than that built in [Y. J. Gu, et al. (2006), Phys. Rev. A. 73, 022321], as it requires the minimum ancillary dimensions and the number of unitary operations. Moreover, we show that, by introducing a path-polarization entanglement state based on the direct sum extension method, three elementary controlled phase-flip gates between two photons are sufficient in the design of its optical realization scheme, making it easy to be implemented from the experimental point of view. Meanwhile, the scheme is verified effective to recover highly entangled pairs from mixed states.
Abstract Quantum teleportation enables a way to transmit an arbitrary qubit state from one location to another. The standard scheme for teleportation in optical setups involves three photons: an entangled photon pair and a photon carrying the quantum state to be teleported. The interaction between photons in such schemes makes quantum teleportation probabilistic. Here, we demonstrate a novel scheme for deterministic quantum teleportation of an arbitrary qubit state using only a polarization-entangled photon pair in a linear optical setup. By introducing the path degree of freedom (DOF) to one of the entangled photons and encoding the arbitrary qubit state into it, we achieve complete Bell state discrimination within our measurement strategy. This enables deterministic teleportation of a qubit state in an optical scheme with high fidelity. We report an average teleportation fidelity of 0.88±0.040.88 \pm 0.040.88±0.04 0.88 ± 0.04 . The dependence of fidelity on the visibility of single-photon interference used in our scheme highlights the possibility of further improving the teleportation fidelity.
A complete and deterministic Bell state measurement was realized by a simple linear optics experimental scheme which adopts two-photon polarization-momentum hyperentanglement. The scheme, which is based on the discrimination among the single photon Bell states of the hyperentangled state, requires the adoption of standard single photon detectors. The four polarization Bell states have been measured with average fidelity $F=0.889\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.010$ by using the linear momentum degree of freedom as the ancilla. The feasibility of the scheme has been characterized as a function of the purity of momentum entanglement.
We demonstrate two entanglement concentration protocols (ECPs) for photon pairs in less-hyperentanglement, the simultaneous entanglement in multiple degrees of freedom. Using these ECPs, some maximally entangled states in polarization can be reconstructed deterministically from less-hyperentangled ones shared between remote participants. Both of the success probabilities are 100% in principle, and they do not require additional single photons. The former is implemented with the passive linear optics, which is achievable with current technology. The later adopts the cross-Kerr nonlinearity media to complete this task, which can increase the efficiency of the entanglement concentration process since it does not require the sophisticated single-photon detectors for measurements. The two ECPs are useful for practical long-distance quantum communication due to the fact that the entangled state in either the spatial degree of freedom or the frequency degree of freedom suffers little from channel noise in optical fiber.
We propose a feasible scheme for teleporting an arbitrary polarization state or entanglement of photons by requiring only single-photon (SP) sources, simple linear optical elements and SP quantum non-demolition measurements. An unknown SP polarization state can be faithfully teleported either to a duplicate polarization state or to an entangled state. Our proposal can be used to implement long-distance quantum communication in a simple way. The scheme is within the reach of current technology and significantly simplifies the realistc implementation of long-distance high-fidelity quantum communication with photon qubits.