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Chinese Physics Letters

Counter-Rotating Transition Mediated Coherent Effects in Spontaneous Emission in a Three-Level Atom

Jun Xu, Xiangming Hu

Published Sep 27, 2006• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

The coherent effects including counter-rotating coupling on spontaneous emission are presented for a microwave driven V-type three-level atom. Novel coherent effects are realized: (i) There is an infinite series of spectral lines, which are separated by the microwave frequency, independent of the separation of the excited states, no matter whether the microwave transition is resonant or not. This is in sharp contrast to the case of the weak coupling, where the spectral interval is mainly determined by the separation of the excited states. (ii) Selective appearance and inhibition of the spectral lines are obtained simply by varying the microwave Rabi frequency. (iii) Spectral lines have a twofold structure. The physical mechanisms are analysed by employing the dressed states representation.

DOI
10.1088/0256-307x/23/10/028

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The coherent effects including counter-rotating coupling on spontaneous emission are presented for a microwave driven V-type three-level atom. Novel coherent effects are realized: (i) There is an infinite series of spectral lines, which are separated by the microwave frequency, independent of the separation of the excited states, no matter whether the microwave transition is resonant or not. This is in sharp contrast to the case of the weak coupling, where the spectral interval is mainly determined by the separation of the excited states. (ii) Selective appearance and inhibition of the spectral lines are obtained simply by varying the microwave Rabi frequency. (iii) Spectral lines have a twofold structure. The physical mechanisms are analysed by employing the dressed states representation.
We study the effects of the non-rotating wave approximation (non-RWA) on the spontaneous emission of a Λ-type three-level atom, where the metastable states are coupled to a common excited state by a weak laser field and the lower-level doublet is driven by a strong microwave field. When the non-RWA is applied to the interaction of the atom with the microwave field, the spontaneous emission spectrum is comprised of a series of ultrasharp lines. The physical interpretation of the spectral characteristics is given in light of the dressed states.
Effects of the antirotating coupling on the absorption resonances are presented for a microwave driven three-level system. It is shown that nonlinear sideband generation, selective suppression and switching between peaks and dips in the absorption spectrum are obtained as the microwave Rabi frequency is varied. A physical explanation is given in terms of the coherent superposition of an infinite set of transitions that are associated with an infinite set of dressed states, which are created by the rotating and nonrotating couplings as the equivalent bichromatic excitation.
We demonstrate coherent control of spontaneous emission from an indirectly coupled transition in a microwave driven four-level atomic system. The transition of concern is not directly coupled by any laser fields, while the ground state is coupled to another ground state by a microwave field. We show that the coupling of the microwave field produces interesting features such as double narrow lines in the emission spectrum. The heights, widths and positions of the emission peaks can be controlled by modifying the Rabi frequency and detuning of the microwave field. We discuss the spectra in the dressed states basis.
The modification of the spontaneous emission spectrum has been studied in this paper in a four-level doubly driven N-type atomic system. In the presence of two coherent fields, emphasis has been given to studying the spectral distribution of spontaneous emission in the relaxation process of the initially prepared excited level. The phenomenon of quantum interference dynamically induced in the system by these fields can significantly change the spontaneous emission spectrum. We have shown the emergence of a two-peak spectrum where two widely separated symmetric peaks are associated with a sharp dark line at their mid-position. At different dynamic conditions, we have also shown that two symmetric peaks may appear in the spectrum with an extended dark zone between them. Depending on the values of the Rabi frequencies and the detunings of the external fields, one can achieve a large enhancement of very narrow spectral components within the spontaneous emission line shape under different conditions. The phenomenon of suppression of spectral line and the selective cancellation of spontaneous emission have also been discussed. The results shown in various cases are analysed by considering all possible dressed states corresponding to the bare state model. The influence of collision-induced effects on the spontaneous emission spectrum is investigated as a conditional case.
The effect of spontaneously generated coherence (SGC) on spontaneous emission and dynamical evolution of a microwave-driven four-level atomic system is studied. Interesting phenomena due to SGC, such as spectral-line narrowing, spectra-line enhancement, spectral-line suppression, and fluorescence quenching, are shown in the spontaneous emission spectra, which can be effectively modulated by amplitude and phase of the microwave field. Due to SGC, the total populations are partly, even completely, trapped in upper levels in steady state, the decay time of which is sensitive to the phase of the microwave field. In the dressed state picture, multiple SGC arise during the process of three close-lying states decaying to the same state. The corresponding experiment to observe the expected phenomena related to SGC can be more conveniently realized in atoms, since no rigorous conditions are required and the amplitude and phase of the microwave field can be conveniently controlled.
We investigate the features of the spontaneous emission spectra in a coherently driven cold five-level atomic system by means of a radio frequency (rf) or microwave field driving a hyperfine transition within the ground state. It is shown that a few interesting phenomena such as spectral-line narrowing, spectral-line enhancement, spectral-line suppression, and spontaneous emission quenching can be realized by modulating the frequency and intensity of the rf-driving field in our system. In the dressed-state picture of the coupling and rf-driving fields, we find that this coherently driven atomic system has three close-lying levels so that multiple spontaneously generated coherence (SGC) arises. Our considered atomic model can be found in real atoms, such as rubidium or sodium, so a corresponding experiment can be done to observe the expected phenomena related to SGC reported by Fountoulakis et al. [Phys. Rev. A 73, 033811 (2006)], since no rigorous conditions are required.