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Europhysics Letters (EPL)

Coherent-State Propagator of the Generalized Time-Dependent Parametric Oscillator

Chi‐Fai Lo

Published Nov 10, 1993• 33 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper we derive the coherent-state propagator of a generalized time-dependent parametric oscillator using the Lie algebraic approach. The method is simple and gives the same results as those obtained by the path integral approach. Furthermore, this Lie algebraic approach can be easily generalized to a time-dependent many-body system once the algebraic structure of its Hamiltonian is identified.

DOI
10.1209/0295-5075/24/5/001

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In this paper we derive the coherent-state propagator of a generalized time-dependent parametric oscillator using the Lie algebraic approach. The method is simple and gives the same results as those obtained by the path integral approach. Furthermore, this Lie algebraic approach can be easily generalized to a time-dependent many-body system once the algebraic structure of its Hamiltonian is identified.
In this paper we generalize Wang's approach [J. Phys. A 20, 5041 (1987)] and investigate the algebraic structure of the Schr\"odinger equation associated with a general driven time-dependent oscillator. Using the Lie-algebraic technique we obtain an exact form of the time-evolution operator which, in turn, enables us to derive the propagator of the system readily. Since the propagator is for the most general time-dependent oscillator, results for any special case can be easily deduced from it. These results will be useful for future studies in quantum optics as well as in atomic and molecular physics.
The time-dependent Schrödinger equation describing a generalized two-dimensional quantum parametric oscillator in the presence of time-variable external fields is solved using the evolution operator method. For this, the evolution operator is found as a product of exponential operators through the Wei–Norman Lie algebraic approach. Then, the propagator and time-evolution of eigenstates and coherent states are derived explicitly in terms of solutions to the corresponding system of coupled classical equations of motion. In addition, using the evolution operator formalism, we construct linear and quadratic quantum dynamical invariants that provide connection of the present results with those obtained via the Malkin–Man’ko–Trifonov and the Lewis–Riesenfeld approaches. Finally, as an exactly solvable model, we introduce a Cauchy–Euler type quantum oscillator with increasing mass and decreasing frequency in time-dependent magnetic and electric fields. Based on the explicit results for the uncertainties and expectations, squeezing properties of the wave packets and their trajectories in the two-dimensional configuration space are discussed according to the influence of the time-variable parameters and external fields.
Time evolution of squeezed coherent states for a quantum parametric oscillator with the most general self-adjoint quadratic Hamiltonian is found explicitly. For this, we use the unitary displacement and squeeze operators in coordinate representation and the evolution operator obtained by the Wei-Norman Lie algebraic approach. Then, we analyze squeezing properties of the wave packets according to the complex parameter of the squeeze operator and the time-variable parameters of the Hamiltonian. As an application, we construct all exactly solvable generalized quantum oscillator models classically corresponding to a driven simple harmonic oscillator. For each model, defined according to the frequency modification in position space, we describe explicitly the squeezing and displacement properties of the wave packets. This allows us to see the exact influence of all parameters and make a basic comparison between the different models.