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Optics Letters

Evolution of the gain extinction ratio in dual-pump phase sensitive amplification

Mingyi Gao, Takashi Inoue, Takayuki Kurosu, Shu Namiki

Published Apr 20, 2012• 34 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We have experimentally achieved a gain extinction ratio (GER) of 30 dB at 21.75 dBm pump power in a dual-pump phase sensitive amplifier based on highly nonlinear fiber, which is more efficient than what we predict with the conventional three-wave model. We point out that high-order sidebands play a key role. Then we scrutinize the trajectories of the output signal vector in the complex plane with increasing nonlinear phase shift and understand the roll-over behavior of GER versus pump power curve. We found that the phase "flip" of the output signal occurs around the largest GER. Adjusting design parameters, we show how to improve GER.

DOI
10.1364/ol.37.001439

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We have experimentally achieved a gain extinction ratio (GER) of 30 dB at 21.75 dBm pump power in a dual-pump phase sensitive amplifier based on highly nonlinear fiber, which is more efficient than what we predict with the conventional three-wave model. We point out that high-order sidebands play a key role. Then we scrutinize the trajectories of the output signal vector in the complex plane with increasing nonlinear phase shift and understand the roll-over behavior of GER versus pump power curve. We found that the phase "flip" of the output signal occurs around the largest GER. Adjusting design parameters, we show how to improve GER.
Phase-sensitive amplifiers (PSAs) can work as M - level phase quantizers when waves generated with specific phase values are allowed to mix coherently in a nonlinear medium. The quality of an M - level phase quantizer depends on the relative powers of the mixing waves and requires their optimization. If the mixing waves also experience gain in the nonlinear medium, such as in semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs), this optimization becomes non-trivial. In this paper, we present a general method to optimize phase quantization using a PSA made using an SOA, based on gain extinction ratio (GER), which is an experimentally measurable quantity. We present a simple theory to derive the optimal GER required to achieve an M -level quantization. We further experimentally demonstrate two- and four-level phase quantization schemes with an SOA, operated at the optimized GER, with pump power levels as low as 1 mW.
We propose a new architecture of phase sensitive optical frequency converter based on dual-pump phase sensitive amplification in a highly nonlinear fiber. This frequency converter allows generation of extra tones through nonlinear four-wave mixing between two strong pumps and an input tone. The frequency channel to which the input tone is converted can be chosen by adjusting the phase of the input signal. The conversion efficiency and extinction ratio of this frequency converter are predicted and optimized and its noise figure is calculated using a numerical approach based on the nonlinear Schrödinger equation. A semi-classical noise figure calculation for this approach was used and validated using an analytical fully quantum calculation based on the multi-wave model.