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Optics Express

All optical tunable storage of phase-shift-keyed data packets

Stefan Preußler, Thomas Schneider

Published Jul 24, 2012• 12 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The requirements for higher data rates in optical communication systems lead to the use of more efficient modulation formats. In the networks the all optical synchronization and storage of these signals is still a major challenge in order to enable higher transmittable data rates and reduce the energy consumption. In this contribution we show for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, the tunable storage of phase modulated optical data packets with up to 60 pulse widths. This opens the way to the optical storage of data packets modulated with highly efficient modulation formats.

DOI
10.1364/oe.20.018224

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The requirements for higher data rates in optical communication systems lead to the use of more efficient modulation formats. In the networks the all optical synchronization and storage of these signals is still a major challenge in order to enable higher transmittable data rates and reduce the energy consumption. In this contribution we show for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, the tunable storage of phase modulated optical data packets with up to 60 pulse widths. This opens the way to the optical storage of data packets modulated with highly efficient modulation formats.
An all-optical telecommunications network requires all-optical routers. These routers would be able to process optical signals directly, without the transformation to the electrical domain. Thus, optical routers have the potential to accelerate telecommunications, i.e. to enhance the data rate and to minimize the latency times. Furthermore, since the double transformation at each network node can be omitted, they could be able to reduce the energy consumption of telecommunications. Key elements of optical routers are optical buffers, which are able to store the optical packets prior to processing in order to avoid congestion. Therefore, many different concepts for the realization of optical buffers have been presented so far. Most of these can just store or delay on-off keyed (OOK) signals. However, in optical telecommunications advanced modulation formats will be increasingly used because they are able to improve the transmission properties and to take advantage of the capacity of optical fibers. Thus, advanced modulation formats can drastically increase the transmissible data rates. Most of these advanced formats modulate the carrier’s phase or are a combination of amplitude and phase modulation. Here the storage of amplitude and phase modulated data packets with the so called quasi-light-storage (QLS) method will be shown. The QLS relies on the time-bandwidth coherence of each signal. Thus, as long as the sampling theorem in the frequency domain is not violated, a distortion-free storage of optical data packets with a delay-bandwidth product (DBP) of several thousand bits is possible. Here we will discuss the applicability of the QLS method to advanced modulation formats and we show experimental results of the tunable alloptical storage of OOK modulated signals with a DBP of 160 bit and the storage of phase shift keyed signals with a DBP of 60 bits.
Today's telecommunication is based on optical packets which transmit the information in optical fiber networks around the world. Currently, the processing of the signals is done in the electrical domain. Direct storage in the optical domain would avoid the transfer of the packets to the electrical and back to the optical domain in every network node and, therefore, increase the speed and possibly reduce the energy consumption of telecommunications. However, light consists of photons which propagate with the speed of light in vacuum. Thus, the storage of light is a big challenge. There exist some methods to slow down the speed of the light, or to store it in excitations of a medium. However, these methods cannot be used for the storage of optical data packets used in telecommunications networks. Here we show how the time-frequency-coherence, which holds for every signal and therefore for optical packets as well, can be exploited to build an optical memory. We will review the background and show in detail and through examples, how a frequency comb can be used for the copying of an optical packet which enters the memory. One of these time domain copies is then extracted from the memory by a time domain switch. We will show this method for intensity as well as for phase modulated signals.
Today's telecommunication is based on optical packets which transmit the information in optical fiber networks around the world. Currently, the processing of the signals is done in the electrical domain. Direct storage in the optical domain would avoid the transfer of the packets to the electrical and back to the optical domain in every network node and, therefore, increase the speed and possibly reduce the energy consumption of telecommunications. However, light consists of photons which propagate with the speed of light in vacuum. Thus, the storage of light is a big challenge. There exist some methods to slow down the speed of the light, or to store it in excitations of a medium. However, these methods cannot be used for the storage of optical data packets used in telecommunications networks. Here we show how the time-frequency-coherence, which holds for every signal and therefore for optical packets as well, can be exploited to build an optical memory. We will review the background and show in detail and through examples, how a frequency comb can be used for the copying of an optical packet which enters the memory. One of these time domain copies is then extracted from the memory by a time domain switch. We will show this method for intensity as well as for phase modulated signals.
We investigate and discuss the possibilities and limits of a method for the tunable storage of optical packets called Quasi-Light Storage (QLS). The QLS is simply based on a sampling in the frequency domain. Hence, it is independent of the data rate, the modulation and the wavelength of the optical packets. It works at room temperatures in standard fibers with off-the-shelf telecom equipment. As we will show in theory, the method has the potential to store packets with several thousand Bits of data from Zero to up to 100 ns. In the experiments we have stored several 8 Bit packets with a data rate of 1 Gbps for up to 100 ns, which corresponds to a delay-bandwidth product of 100 Bit.