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The European Physical Journal D

Collective spontaneous emission from a Bose-Einstein condensate in the framework of a multi-photon q-deformed Dicke model

Zahra Haghshenasfard, Michael G Cottam

Published Jul 1, 2012• 9 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1140/epjd/e2012-30059-7

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In this paper, we investigate the spontaneous emission of an f -deformed Bose–Einstein condensate of a gas with N identical two-level atoms immersed in a single-mode ideal cavity with s atoms initially excited. We apply an f -deformed quantum model in which Gardiner's phonon operators are deformed by an operator-valued function of the particle number operator . We consider the collisions between the atoms as a special kind of f -deformation where the collision rate κ is regarded as a corresponding deformation parameter. The time evolution of the expectation value of the atomic inversion is presented, the phenomenon of collective collapses and revivals is shown and the effects of deformation on the cooperative behaviour of the system are discussed.
The atom - electromagnetic field interaction is studied in the Dicke model, wherein a single field mode is interacting with a collection of two level atoms at thermal equilibrium. It is found that in the superradiant phase of the system, wherein the Bose-Einstein condensation of photons takes place, the notion of photon as an elementary electromagnetic excitation ceases to exist. The phase and intensity excitations of the condensate are found to be the true excitations of electromagnetic field. It is found that in this phase, the atom interacts with these excitations in a distinct coherent transition process, apart from the known stimulated emission/absorption and spontaneous emission processes. In the coherent transition it is found that while the atomic state changes in course of the transition process, the state of electromagnetic field remains unaffected. It is found that the transition probability of such coherent transition process is macroscopically large compared to other stimulated emission/absorption and spontaneous emission processes.