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arXiv:cond-mat/0004326 · The European Physical Journal D

Bose-Einstein condensates in optical lattices: Spontaneous emission in the presence of photonic band gaps

K.-P. Marzlin, W. Zhang

Published Oct 1, 2000• 6 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1007/s100530070019

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An extended Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) in an optical lattice provides a kind of periodic dielectric and causes band gaps to occur in the spectrum of light propagating through it. We examine the question whether these band gaps can modify the spontaneous emission rate of atoms excited from the BEC, and whether they can lead to a self-stabilization of the BEC against spontaneous emission. We find that self-stabilization is not possible for BECs with a density in the order of 10 14 cm −3. However, the corresponding non-Markovian behavior produces significant effects in the decay of excited atoms even for a homogeneous BEC interacting with a weak laser beam. These effects are caused by the occurrence of an avoided crossing in the photon (or rather polariton) spectrum. We also predict a new channel for spontaneous decay which arises from an interference between periodically excited atoms and periodic photon modes. This new channel should also occur in ordinary periodic dielectrics. 1

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We study the interaction of a Bose-Einstein condensate in an optical lattice with an additional largely detuned light field propagating through it. If the condensate is in its ground state it acts as a periodic dielectric, and gives rise to photonic band gaps at optical frequencies. The band structure of the combined system of condensed lattice atoms and photons is studied by using the concept of polaritons. If elementary excitations of the condensate are present, they will produce defect states inside the photonic band gaps. The frequency of localized defect states is calculated using the Koster-Slater model.

arXiv:cond-mat/9810085•Physical Review A•Apr 1, 1999•23 citations
An extended Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) in an optical lattice provides a kind of periodic dielectric and causes band gaps to occur in the spectrum of light propagating through it. We examine the question whether these band gaps can modify the spontaneous emission rate of atoms excited from the BEC, and whether they can lead to a self-stabilization of the BEC against spontaneous emission. We find that self-stabilization is not possible for BECs with a density in the order of 10 14 cm −3. However, the corresponding non-Markovian behavior produces significant effects in the decay of excited atoms even for a homogeneous BEC interacting with a weak laser beam. These effects are caused by the occurrence of an avoided crossing in the photon (or rather polariton) spectrum. We also predict a new channel for spontaneous decay which arises from an interference between periodically excited atoms and periodic photon modes. This new channel should also occur in ordinary periodic dielectrics. 1
We study the interaction of a Bose-Einstein condensate in an optical lattice with an additional largely detuned light field propagating through it. If the condensate is in its ground state it acts as a periodic dielectric, and gives rise to photonic band gaps at optical frequencies. The band structure of the combined system of condensed lattice atoms and photons is studied by using the concept of polaritons. If elementary excitations of the condensate are present, they will produce defect states inside the photonic band gaps. The frequency of localized defect states is calculated using the Koster-Slater model.