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Europhysics Letters (EPL)

Experiments of the EPR Type Involving CP -Violation Do not Allow Faster-than-Light Communication between Distant Observers

G. C. Ghirardi, Renata Grassi, A. Rimini, T. Weber

Published May 15, 1988• 75 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The proof that faster-than-light communication is not permitted by quantum mechanics derived some years ago by three of us is extended to cover the case of measurements which do not fit within the standard scheme based on sets of orthogonal projections. A detailed discussion of a recent proposal of superluminal transmission making resort to a CP -violating interaction is presented. It is shown that such a proposal cannot work.

DOI
10.1209/0295-5075/6/2/001

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The proof that faster-than-light communication is not permitted by quantum mechanics derived some years ago by three of us is extended to cover the case of measurements which do not fit within the standard scheme based on sets of orthogonal projections. A detailed discussion of a recent proposal of superluminal transmission making resort to a CP -violating interaction is presented. It is shown that such a proposal cannot work.
Abstract Relativistic invariance is a physical law verified in several domains of physics. The impossibility of faster than light influences is not questioned by quantum theory. In quantum electrodynamics, in quantum field theory and in the standard model relativistic invariance is incorporated by construction. Quantum mechanics predicts strong long range correlations between outcomes of spin projection measurements performed in distant laboratories. In spite of these strong correlations marginal probability distributions should not depend on what was measured in the other laboratory what is called shortly: non-signalling. In several experiments, performed to test various Bell-type inequalities, some unexplained dependence of empirical marginal probability distributions on distant settings was observed. In this paper we demonstrate how a particular identification and selection procedure of paired distant outcomes is the most probable cause for this apparent violation of no-signalling principle. Thus this unexpected setting dependence does not prove the existence of superluminal influences and Einsteinian no-signalling principle has to be tested differently in dedicated experiments. We propose a detailed protocol telling how such experiments should be designed in order to be conclusive. We also explain how magical quantum correlations may be explained in a locally causal way.