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Chinese Physics B

Construction and application of multi-partner communication network

Xiu Xiao-Ming, Dong Li, Gao Ya-Jun, and Chi Feng

Published Nov 1, 2008• 8 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper, we present a multi-partner communication network protocol. The supervisor prepares numerous Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) pairs and auxiliary qubits. He then performs a controlled-NOT(CNOT) gate operation on one qubit of each EPR pair and an auxiliary, which induces the entanglement between the EPR pair and the auxiliary. The supervisor keeps one qubit sequence in his laboratory and sends the others to the outside world. After security approval, the network can be constructed successfully, which can be applied to quantum secret sharing and quantum secure direct communication.

DOI
10.1088/1674-1056/17/11/009

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In this paper, we present a multi-partner communication network protocol. The supervisor prepares numerous Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) pairs and auxiliary qubits. He then performs a controlled-NOT(CNOT) gate operation on one qubit of each EPR pair and an auxiliary, which induces the entanglement between the EPR pair and the auxiliary. The supervisor keeps one qubit sequence in his laboratory and sends the others to the outside world. After security approval, the network can be constructed successfully, which can be applied to quantum secret sharing and quantum secure direct communication.
A theoretical scheme of a multiparty-controlled quantum secure direct communication is proposed. The supervisor prepares a communication network with Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs and auxiliary particles. After passing a security test of the communication network, a supervisor tells the users the network is secure and they can communicate. If the controllers allow the communicators to communicate, the controllers should perform measurements and inform the communicators of the outcomes. The communicators then begin to communicate after they perform a security test of the quantum channel and verify that it is secure. The recipient can decrypt the secret message in a classical message from the sender depending on the protocol. Any two users in the network can communicate through the above processes under the control of the supervisor and the controllers.
An efficient quantum secure direct communication network protocol with the two-step scheme is proposed by using the Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) pair block as the quantum information carrier. The server, say Alice, prepares and measures the EPR pairs in the quantum communication and the users perform the four local unitary operations to encode their message. Anyone of the legitimate users can communicate another one on the network securely. Since almost all of the instances in this scheme are useful and each EPR pair can carry two bits of information, the efficiency for qubits and the source capacity both approach the maximal values.
To deal with secret for ring quantum network, a mutual quantum secure direct communication scheme which shared the EPR state in the multihop ring quantum networks is presented.The communication is based on Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs(EPR pairs) and teleportation between the quantum nodes.After insuring the security of the quantum channel through controlled-NOT(CONT) gate operations and Hadamard(H) gate operations on them.The sequence sent to t2 from t0 through t1, then multihop transmits them to t4, …, t2N supervised via t3, …, t2N-1.This scheme is feasible with present-day techniques.
A protocol for quantum secure direct communication using blocks of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs is proposed. A set of ordered N EPR pairs is used as a data block for sending secret message directly. The ordered N EPR set is divided into two particle sequences, a checking sequence and a message-coding sequence. After transmitting the checking sequence, the two parties of communication check eavesdropping by measuring a fraction of particles randomly chosen, with random choice of two sets of measuring bases. After insuring the security of the quantum channel, the sender Alice encodes the secret message directly on the message-coding sequence and sends them to Bob. By combining the checking and message-coding sequences together, Bob is able to read out the encoded messages directly. The scheme is secure because an eavesdropper cannot get both sequences simultaneously. We also discuss issues in a noisy channel.
A novel scheme for secure communication network with the two-step for three parties is proposed. The communication is based on Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs (EPR pairs) and teleportation between P1, P2and P3. After insuring the security of the quantum channel through Hadamard (H) gate operations and Controlled-NOT (CNOT) gate operations on them, one sequence sent to P3from P1. P3makes Bell-basis measurement to read their coding operations. We also prove that it is unconditionally secure. This scheme is feasible with present-day techniques. The feature of this scheme is that the communication between two parties depends on the agreement of the third party.
We present a quantum secure direct communication protocol and a multiparty quantum secret sharing protocol based on Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs and entanglement swapping. The present quantum secure direct communication protocol makes use of the ideal of block transmission. We also point out that the sender can encode his or her secret message without ensuring the security of the quantum channel firstly. In the multiparty quantum secret sharing protocol, the communication parties adopt checking mode or encoding mode with a certain probability. It is not necessary for the protocol to perform local unitary operation. In both the protocols, one party transmits only one photon for each Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pair to another party and the security for the transmitting photons is ensured by selecting Z-basis or X-basis randomly to measure the sampling photons.