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Chemical Physics

Sub-exponential spin-boson decoherence in a finite bath

Vance Wong, Martin Gruebele

Published Oct 21, 2002• 10 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/s0301-0104(02)00534-7

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We describe the generalization of Wilson's numerical renormalization group method to quantum impurity models with a bosonic bath, providing a general nonperturbative approach to bosonic impurity models which can access exponentially small energies and temperatures. As an application, we consider the spin-boson model, describing a two-level system coupled to a bosonic bath with power-law spectral density, J(omega) proportional to omega(s). We find clear evidence for a line of continuous quantum phase transitions for sub-Ohmic bath exponents 0<s<1; the line terminates in the well-known Kosterlitz-Thouless transition at s=1. Contact is made with results from perturbative renormalization group, and various other applications are outlined.
In this paper, we investigate the dynamical evolution and the decoherence of a single flux qubit due to its coupling with the external environment bath. We consider two typical baths: boson bath and spin bath. It is shown that, at low but finite temperature, if the two typical baths have smooth and continuous spectrum, the dynamics of the system is in general non-Markovian though of finite memory time. Most important of all, affected by the external environment bath, the flux qubit exhibits resonance of the coherence of the qubit. Comparing with the spin bath, the boson bath's destruction of the coherence is more serious.