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Lettere al nuovo cimento della societa italiana di fisica/Lettere al nuovo cimento

Self-fluctuations in the motion of a free particle and the Schrödinger equation

G. I. Sivashinsky

Published Oct 1, 1980• 2 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/bf02743321

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The Schrodinger equation based on the de Broglie wave is the most fundamental equation of the quantum mechanics. There can be no doubt about it's prediction validity. However, the probabilistic interpretation on the quantum mechanics has insoluble semantic interpretations like reduction of wave packet on observations of physical values. Especially, it is not clear that the wave function which is described by complex function, is whether formality or reality to express the state of particle motion. On this paper, we interpret the wave nature of particle as not the inherency of particle itself, but the motional property of particle in fluctuated space-time due to the kinetic energy and momentum the belief that the kinetic energy and momentum fluctuates the microscopic space-time, and the particle move through the fluctuated space-time adversely. Then, through the particle motion in the Euclidean space-time, the particle will be recognized as if it has the wave nature. We estimate the governing equation of fluctuations of microscopic space-time based on the macroscopic law of motion. On this paper, the equivalence between the governing equation and the Schrodinger equation is indicated.
With a proper choice of the initial wave function it is possible to obtain reduced or squeezed quantum fluctuations of the un- certainty of the position operator for a free particle.1 Such an effect is important for the so-called quantum nondemolition measurements of weak external signals. We show that for both free-motion and harmonic oscillation such a property holds owing to the conformal invariance of the Schrodinger equation. We show that for harmonic oscillation it is possible to reduce the quantum fluctuations of the measured photon below the standard quantum limit.2 Possible applications to optical communications and weak signal detections are also presented
The local phase-invariance of the momentum-space Schrödinger equation for free-particle has been used to construct quantum kinematics that describes a motion of the particle in external U(1) background gauge field. The gauge structure over the momentum space of the particle is interpreted in terms of helicity and spin carried by the particle. As a by-product an effective one-particle Schrödinger equation of motion for the helicity-carrying particle in external potential field is derived. An effect of screening of the external potential is predicted, that can affect quantization and splittings of energy levels of the particle.