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International Journal of Quantum Information

QUANTUM KEY DISTRIBUTION WITH FOUR ALPHABETIC LETTERS NON-GAUSSIAN MODULATION USING SQUEEZING STATES

Sheng Zhang, Jian Wang, Chaojing Tang, Quan Zhang

Published Aug 1, 2010• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present a new non-Gaussian quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol using squeezed states. Compared with a binary modulation, the efficiency can be improved when a four alphabetic letters modulation is chosen. We then analyze the security of the protocol under a collective entangling cloner attack, which is a powerful attack strategy in continuous variable QKD. We also show how the modulation coefficient affects the key rate, then the key rate can be maximized by choosing an optimal coefficient.

DOI
10.1142/s021974991000654x

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We present a new non-Gaussian quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol using squeezed states. Compared with a binary modulation, the efficiency can be improved when a four alphabetic letters modulation is chosen. We then analyze the security of the protocol under a collective entangling cloner attack, which is a powerful attack strategy in continuous variable QKD. We also show how the modulation coefficient affects the key rate, then the key rate can be maximized by choosing an optimal coefficient.
We present a new protocol for continuous variable quantum key distribution (CV QKD). The novelty of the protocol is a multi letter alphabet represented by coherent states of light with a fixed amplitude and variable phase. Information is encoded in the phase of a coherent state which can be chosen from a regular discrete set consisting, however, of an arbitrary number of letters. We evaluate the security of the protocol against the beam splitting attack. As a result we show the proposed protocol has advantages over the standard two letter coherent state QKD protocol, especially in the case when losses in the communication channel are low.
In this paper, we consider continuous-variable quantum-key-distribution (QKD) protocols which use non-Gaussian modulations. These specific modulation schemes are compatible with very efficient error-correction procedures, hence allowing the protocols to outperform previous protocols in terms of achievable range. In their simplest implementation, these protocols are secure for any linear quantum channels (hence against Gaussian attacks). We also show how the use of decoy states makes the protocols secure against arbitrary collective attacks, which implies their unconditional security in the asymptotic limit.
The original two-way continuous-variable quantum-key-distribution (CV-QKD) protocols [S. Pirandola, S. Mancini, S. Lloyd and S. L. Braunstein, Nat. Phys. 4 (2008) 726] give the security against the collective attack on the condition of the tomography of the quantum channels. We propose a family of new two-way CV-QKD protocols and prove their security against collective entangling cloner attacks without the tomography of the quantum channels. The simulation result indicates that the new protocols maintain the same advantage as the original two-way protocols whose tolerable excess noise surpasses that of the one-way CV-QKD protocol. We also show that all sub-protocols within the family have higher secret key rate and much longer transmission distance than the one-way CV-QKD protocol for the noisy channel.
A continuous-variable measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (CV-MDI QKD) protocol using squeezed states is proposed where the two legitimate partners send Gaussian-modulated squeezed states to an untrusted third party to realize the measurement. Security analysis shows that the protocol can not only defend all detector side channels, but also attain higher secret key rates than the coherent-state-based protocol. We also present a method to improve the squeezed-state CV-MDI QKD protocol by adding proper Gaussian noise to the reconciliation side. It is found that there is an optimal added noise to optimize the performance of the protocol in terms of both key rates and maximal transmission distances. The resulting protocol shows the potential of long-distance secure communication using the CV-MDI QKD protocol.