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Laser Physics Letters

Collision echo in magnetic field

Решетов Владимир Александрович, Е. Н. Попов, Igor V. Yevseyev

Published Jan 25, 2011• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The effects of the longitudinal magnetic field on the collision photon echo, which is formed by two laser pulses with orthogonal polarizations on the transition with the angular momentum change J a = 0 → J b = 1 and arises due to the action of the elastic depolarizing collisions, are studied theoretically. It is shown that weak magnetic field acts to diminish the intensity of the collision echo up to zero, providing the tools for measuring the relaxation rates due to such collisions. With the further increase of the magnetic field strength the echo intensity reveals almost pure harmonic oscillations, though in strong magnetic field the echo appears not due to the action of collisions but mainly due to the action of the magnetic field, so it becomes not collision but conventional photon echo. However the comparison of the amplitudes of the collision echo in zero magnetic field with the maximum echo amplitude in strong magnetic field yields one more way to measure the relaxation rates due to elastic depolarizing collisions.

DOI
10.1002/lapl.201010114

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The effects of the longitudinal magnetic field on the collision photon echo, which is formed by two laser pulses with orthogonal polarizations on the transition with the angular momentum change J a = 0 → J b = 1 and arises due to the action of the elastic depolarizing collisions, are studied theoretically. It is shown that weak magnetic field acts to diminish the intensity of the collision echo up to zero, providing the tools for measuring the relaxation rates due to such collisions. With the further increase of the magnetic field strength the echo intensity reveals almost pure harmonic oscillations, though in strong magnetic field the echo appears not due to the action of collisions but mainly due to the action of the magnetic field, so it becomes not collision but conventional photon echo. However the comparison of the amplitudes of the collision echo in zero magnetic field with the maximum echo amplitude in strong magnetic field yields one more way to measure the relaxation rates due to elastic depolarizing collisions.
The action of the longitudinal magnetic field on the collision-induced stimulated photon echo formed on the transition with the angular momentum change is studied theoretically. It is shown that this action depends essentially on the sign of the difference in the orientation and alignment relaxation rates of the excited level b. If , then the echo intensity in a weak magnetic field increases with the increase in the magnetic field strength, while in the alternative case it decreases up to zero value. The formulae enabling the determination of the magnitude of the difference from the experimental study of the oscillations of the echo intensity with the increase in the magnetic field strength are obtained.
In this article it was described collision induced photon echo, which is formed by two laser pulses with orthogonal polarizations on the transition with the angular momentum change 0 1. The dependence of the echos intensity versus the ellipticity of laser pulses was found. It was shown that echos intensity has maximum provided that laser pulses are linear and up to zero for circular orthogonal polarization. It was found reduction effect of photon echos signal in longitudinal magnetic field. This effect may be used for measuring the relaxation rates due to such collisions.
Abstract Collision-induced stimulated photon echoes formed in a gaseous medium on the transition with the angular momentum change J a = 0 → J b = 1 under the action of ‘strong’ longitudinal magnetic field, when the echo pulse becomes unpolarized, are considered with an account of elastic depolarizing collisions. In the case of narrow spectral line the explicit expressions for the echo polarization density matrix and the degree of polarization are obtained. In the case of broad spectral line the results of the numeric calculations reproduce qualitatively the curve obtained in the experiments with ytterbium vapor.
The polarization properties of photon echoes in strong magnetic field, when the action of this field during the time of propagation of the exciting pulses and the echo signal through the resonant gaseous medium cannot be neglected, are studied theoretically. The photon echo polarization in strong magnetic field cannot be described by the polarization vector but rather by the polarization matrix. The degree of the photon echo polarization decreases with the increase of the magnetic field strength. The dependence of the photon echo intensity on the magnetic field strength was also analyzed numerically. In strong magnetic field the fast oscillations of this intensity appear to be damping and modulated by the slower ones. The spectrum of these oscillations depend also on the spectra of the exciting pulses, so that in case of small area of the first exciting pulse its temporal shape may be reconstructed from the oscillations of the echo intensity versus the magnetic field strength.
The stimulated photon echo formed by the sequence of three laser excitation pulses in gaseous medium on the transition with the angular momentum change 0-1 is considered with an account of elastic depolarizing collisions. The polarization properties of this echo may be potentially interesting for the purposes of data processing. It is shown, that with the polarization of the first pulse orthogonal to that of the second and third pulses the appearance of the echo signal will be entirely determined by the action of collisions. The existence of this echo is determined by the difference in the alignment and the orientation relaxation rates of the excited level.
Collision-induced photon echo generated in ytterbium vapour at the transition (6s 2 ) 1 S 0 ↔(6s6p) 3 P 1 (transition of the type 0 ↔ 1) was investigated in the presence of the longitudinal magnetic field strength between zero and 5.6 G. For the weak magnetic fields, not over 0.27 G, the collision-induced echo signal decreases with magnetic field increase. Further increase of the magnetic field strength reveals oscillatory behavior of the echo signal. Experimental results are in qualitative agreement with theoretical predictions.