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物理学前沿：英文版

Experimental progress in optical manipulation of single atoms for cavity QED

Yuchi Zhang, Gang Li, Peng-fei Zhang, Junmin Wang, Tiancai Zhang

Published May 4, 2009• 11 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s11467-009-0016-8

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Cavity quantum electrodynamics (cavity QED) is conventionally described by the Jaynes- or Tavis-Cummings model, where quantum emitters couple to a single-mode cavity. The opposite scenario, in which an ensemble of emitters couples to a single spatial mode of a propagating light field, is described by waveguide QED, where emitters interact with a continuum of frequency modes. Here we present an experiment where an ensemble of cold atoms strongly couples to a fiber-ring resonator with variable length containing an optical nanofiber. By changing the length of the resonator we can tailor the density of frequency modes and thus explore the transition from cavity QED to waveguide QED. We analyse the response of the ensemble–cavity system after the sudden switch-on of resonant laser light and find that for progressively longer resonators, the Rabi oscillations typical of cavity QED disappear and the single-pass dynamics of waveguide QED appear. Our measurements shed light on the interplay between the single-pass collective response of the atoms to the propagating cavity field and the ensemble–cavity dynamics.
We report on recent progress in our lab involving cavity quantum electrodynamics with optically trapped atoms. \n \nIn particular, we will focus on a recent measurement of the Vacuum-Rabi splitting for one atom strongly coupled to the field of a high finesse optical resonator. This splitting is characteristic of the normal modes in the eigenvalue spectrum of the atom-cavity system. A new Raman scheme for cooling atomic motion along the cavity axis enables a complete spectrum to be recorded for an individual atom trapped within the cavity mode, in contrast to all previous measurements in cavity QED that have required averaging over many atoms.