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Quantum Electronics

Pulse repetition rate in a self-contained strontium ion laser

Anatoly N. Soldatov, N. A. Yudin, Anna V. Vasileva, Yurii P Polunin, Gennady D Chebotarev, Evgeny L. Latush, A A Fesenko

Published Nov 30, 2008• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The frequency and energy parameters of self-contained strontium ion laser ( λ = 1.033 and 1.091 μm) are studied upon excitation by an additional pulse before each excitation pulse. The kinetics of processes in the active medium of this laser is numerically simulated. It is shown that the pulse repetition rate of the self-contained strontium laser can achieve ∼1 MHz. It is found that the laser pulse energy in the first pulse and the average output power and efficiency increase in a certain range of time delays between the additional and excitation pulses, which is caused by the significant prepulse concentration of strontium ions which had no time to recombine. The outlook for the application of pulse trains to excite self-contained IR transitions in strontium ions is shown.

DOI
10.1070/qe2008v038n11abeh013808

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The frequency and energy parameters of self-contained strontium ion laser ( λ = 1.033 and 1.091 μm) are studied upon excitation by an additional pulse before each excitation pulse. The kinetics of processes in the active medium of this laser is numerically simulated. It is shown that the pulse repetition rate of the self-contained strontium laser can achieve ∼1 MHz. It is found that the laser pulse energy in the first pulse and the average output power and efficiency increase in a certain range of time delays between the additional and excitation pulses, which is caused by the significant prepulse concentration of strontium ions which had no time to recombine. The outlook for the application of pulse trains to excite self-contained IR transitions in strontium ions is shown.
The method of doubled pulses was used to achieve pulsed lasing due to the 5 d 10 6 p 2 P 3/2 —5 d 9 6 s 2 2 D 5/2 transition in the mercury ion (λ = 398 nm), similar to efficient lasing transitions in copper and gold atoms. Discharge tubes with inner diameters 4 and 8 mm and 30 cm long were used. They were filled with neon or helium as the buffer gases. There was a significant difference between lasing in the narrow and wide tubes. In the wide tube it was possible to observe lasing only when the delay between the pulses was short; the beam was not ring-shaped, contrary to what was found earlier for the narrow tube. Lasing was observed even when the delay between the two pulses was less than 5 μs, but lasing disappeared when heating of the tube became stronger as the pulse repetition frequency was increased. Possible population and inversion mechanisms were analysed.
We present the results of an experimental study of a Tl vapour/Ar mixture as an active medium. Under optical excitation of thallium to the 6d 2 D 3/2 state, we have achieved lasing at λ = 1.3 μm (7p 2 P 0 1/2 — 7s 2 S 1/2 transition) and 535 nm (7s 2 S 1/2 — 6p 2 P 0 3/2 ) through cascade transitions from the 6d 2 D 3/2 state to the upper laser levels. The electron deexcitation rate of the 6p 2 P 0 3/2 metastable state is no slower than 1.5×10 -8 cm 3 s -1 , meaning that this process cannot prevent self-terminating laser action at the 7s 2 S 1/2 — 6p 2 P 0 3/2 transition under electron-beam pumping at pulse repetition rates up to 100 kHz.
This thesis describes the construction and characterization of a high energy, tunable, pulsed dye laser that is used to make ultracold strontium plasma. In order to make ultracold plasma, we cool and trap strontium atoms in a magneto-optical trap (MOT) and then photoionize them with the dye laser. The dye laser is pumped by high-energy 355nm pulses from a commercial Nd:YAG laser and it gives out 10ns pulses of 400--415nm light with up to 50mJ/pulse. We will discuss the lasers spectrum, wavelength calibration, output power and efficiency for photoionizing strontium.
We describe a efficient way to photoionize strontium atoms in a linear radio-frequency trap. We use a 2-photon second order process to excite the autoionization resonance (4d2 + 5p2) 1D2. A doubled pulsed Ti:Saphire laser system is used at 431nm to provide 100fsec pulses at 82Mhz. The fabrication of the laser systems for addressing the Sr+ transitions necessary for laser cooling and excitation of quantum jumps, vacuum system and ion trap structure are also described in detail. With the current setup a easy and repeatable trapping of linear ion chains is achieved at UHV pressures.
Abstract Laser oscillation is obtained in caesium and rubidium atoms with wavelengths in the range of 2 – 5.5 μm under pumping to high-lying energy levels. Longitudinal resonant pumping is implemented using the second harmonic of radiation from an optical parametric oscillator. The pump wavelength is tuned over discrete levels from 8P to 10P in caesium atoms and from 6P to 8P in rubidium atoms. The width of the pump radiation spectrum is 12 cm−1. When caesium atoms are pumped, the pump pulse energy is no more than 10 mJ; when rubidium atoms are pumped, it does not exceed 3 mJ. The pulse repetition rate is 10 Hz. The maximum output energy of IR laser radiation upon pumping the 9P3/2 level of caesium atoms is about 100 μJ at a cell temperature of ∼170°C, while the efficiency of pump conversion into radiation energy with a wavelength λ ∼ 3.1 μm turns out to be ∼1 %. For rubidium atoms, an estimate of the output energy of IR radiation gives a value of ∼80 μJ at a cell temperature of 180 °C, which corresponds to an energy efficiency of ∼2.7 %.