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Review of Scientific Instruments

Note: Investigation of atom transfer using a red-detuned push beam in a double magneto-optical trap setup

Surjya Prakash Ram, Satya Ram Mishra, S. K. Tiwari, S. C. Mehendale

Published Dec 1, 2011• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present our results on transfer of cold (87)Rb atoms from a vapor cell magneto-optical trap to ultrahigh vacuum magneto-optical trap (UHV-MOT) using a red-detuned continuous wave push beam in a double-magneto-optical trap setup. We find that use of retro-reflected red-detuned push laser beam results in higher number in UHV-MOT than the number obtained without retro-reflection of push beam.

DOI
10.1063/1.3670356

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We present our results on transfer of cold (87)Rb atoms from a vapor cell magneto-optical trap to ultrahigh vacuum magneto-optical trap (UHV-MOT) using a red-detuned continuous wave push beam in a double-magneto-optical trap setup. We find that use of retro-reflected red-detuned push laser beam results in higher number in UHV-MOT than the number obtained without retro-reflection of push beam.
A novel scheme of transferring cold atoms in a double magneto-optical trap (MOT) system has been experimentally demonstrated. Cold cesium atoms trapped in a vapor-cell MOT are efficiently transferred to an ultrahigh-vacuum (UHV) MOT by a continuous-wave divergent Gaussian transfer laser beam. When large red detuning and moderate intensity are adopted for the transfer laser beam, enhancement of the recapturing of atoms in the UHV MOT is clearly observed. Using the divergent transfer laser beam (diameter of approximately 1.60 mm in the vapor-cell MOT region) with typical power of approximately 20.2 mW, up to approximately 85% of transfer efficiency is obtained when the frequency detuning is set to around -1.2 GHz, and it is not sensitive to small detuning variation. This transfer is much efficient compared with that in the case of continuous-wave near-resonance weak transfer laser beam (typical power of order of approximately 100 microW and typical frequency detuning of approximately-10 MHz) which is normally used in double-MOT experiment. The enhancement is ascribed to the guiding effect on cold atomic flux by transverse dipole potential of the large red-detuned transfer laser beam.
In our double magneto-optical trap (MOT) setup containing a vapor chamber MOT (VC-MOT) and an ultra high vacuum MOT (UHV-MOT) for 87^{87}87Rb atoms, we find that transfer of atoms from VC-MOT to UHV-MOT can be enhanced by employing a pulsed VC-MOT loading followed by a pulsed push beam, as compared to that obtained by focusing a continuous wave (CW) push beam on a continuously loaded VC-MOT. By choosing appropriately the VC-MOT duration and push beam duration, the number of atoms in UHV-MOT was $\sim$3-times the number obtained with a continuous VC-MOT and a CW push beam of optimized power. The processes affecting the pulsed transfer have been studied.
We have studied the dependence of atom transfer between two magneto-optical traps (MOTs) on the spot-size of a push laser beam in a double magneto-optical trap setup. It was observed that the spot-size of the push beam at vapor-chamber MOT (VC-MOT) affects significantly the transfer of atoms from the VC-MOT to an ultrahigh vacuum MOT (UHV-MOT). The number of atoms accumulated in the UHV-MOT first increases with the push beam spot-size and then decreases with it after attaining a maximum value, for a given power of the push beam. Our results show that the number of atoms accumulated in the UHV-MOT is dependent on the push beam spot-size, push beam power, and capture speed of the UHV-MOT.
We have established a cesium double magneto-optical trap(double MOT) system,and realized transferring cold atoms from the vapor-cell MOT to the ultra-high-vacuum(UHV) MOT by continuous transfer laser.On the base of our former work on transferring atoms by weak resonance laser,we extended red detuning of transfer beam to 2.0 GHz,and increased the laser power.We have studied on the transportation of cold atoms.It is demonstrated that the stronger laser power would make the transportation much more efficient if the detuning is far off-resonance.It is induced by the confinement and guidance of cold atoms due to the transverse dipole force of the transfer beam.
We transfer cold 87 Rb atoms from a vapour cell chamber to a spatially separated UHV magneto-optical trap (MOT) with the assistance of a red-detuned optical guiding beam and a normal push beam. Efficient optical guiding of the cold atoms is observed within a small detuning window. A pulsed optical guiding beam enhances the transfer efficiency and hence allows us to collect more atoms in UHV MOT in a shorter time, which is favourable for our experiment of achieving Bose–Einstein condensates (BEC). Besides the easy operation, another advantage of this optical guiding technique is also demonstrated such that slower atomic beams may be efficiently transferred along horizontal direction. This study is a direct application of the optical guiding technique as a powerful tool.
We have established a caesium double magneto-optical trap (MOT) system for cavity-QED experiment, and demonstrated the continuous transfer of cold caesium atoms from the vapour-cell MOT with a pressure of ~ 1 × 10 −6 Pa to the ultra-high-vacuum (UHV) MOT with a pressure of ~ 8 × 10 −8 Pa via a focused continuous-wave transfer laser beam. The effect of frequency detuning as well as the intensity of the transfer beam is systematically investigated, which makes the transverse cooling adequate before the atoms leak out of the vapour-cell MOT to reduce divergence of the cold atomic beam. The typical cold atomic flux got from vapour-cell MOT is ~ 2 × 10 7 atoms/s. About 5 × 10 6 caesium atoms are recaptured in the UHV MOT.