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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Zeeman quantum beats in atomic vapours produced by cathodic sputtering: application to Yb and Zr

R. Martin. Lowe, Peter Hannaford

Published Feb 14, 1989• 9 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Strong Zeeman quantum beat signals have been observed in laser-induced fluorescence from atomic vapours of Zr and Yb generated by cathodic sputtering in a low-pressure rare-gas discharge. The results have been used to determine Lande g factors for ten levels of the z 3 F o , y 3 F o and y 5 D o terms of Zr I and cross sections for the collisional destruction of alignment of Yb I 6 3 P o 1 in He, Ne, Ar, Kr and Xe.

DOI
10.1088/0953-4075/22/3/007

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Strong Zeeman quantum beat signals have been observed in laser-induced fluorescence from atomic vapours of Zr and Yb generated by cathodic sputtering in a low-pressure rare-gas discharge. The results have been used to determine Lande g factors for ten levels of the z 3 F o , y 3 F o and y 5 D o terms of Zr I and cross sections for the collisional destruction of alignment of Yb I 6 3 P o 1 in He, Ne, Ar, Kr and Xe.
A polarization technique based on the detection of Zeeman quantum beats in transmission is applied to the determination of multipole relaxation rates in ground or near-ground atomic levels. With an appropriate choice of polarization and geometry, beat signals are obtained whose decay directly yields the relaxation rates of orientation or alignment. The technique has been used to study collisional depolarization in the $4{f}^{6}6{s}^{2}^{7}F_{1}$ near-ground level of Sm I by rare-gas perturbers. Derived cross sections are compared with previous, widely differing determinations.
Rubidium vapour, together with a noble gas contained in a cell located in a 4.75T magnetic field, was irradiated with light from a pulsed dye laser. This radiation produced selective excitation of the 6sprmz\\sp{\\rm z}sprmzPsbrmJ,m\\sb{\\rm J,m}sbrmJ,m (J = 1/2, 3/2, m = $-$3/2, $-$1/2, 1/2, 3/2) Zeeman substates. Collisions of the excited 6P atoms with He, Ne and Ar atoms and the resulting Zeeman mixing produced a population in the whole 6P Zeeman manifold and resulted in the emission of a Zeeman fluorescence spectrum which was resolved with a scanning Fabry-Perot interferometer, detected with a photomultiplier and stored in a multichannel scaler. The analysis of the fluorescence intensities of the components emitted in the decay of the directly (optically) excited state and of the collisionally populated states in relation to the noble gas densities, yielded the Zeeman mixing cross sections and the cross sections for the relaxation of dipole, quadrupole, and octupole moments.Dept. of Physics. Paper copy at Leddy Library: Theses & Major Papers - Basement, West Bldg. / Call Number: Thesis1991 .M544. Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 30-04, page: 1359. Chairman: L. Krause. Thesis (M.Sc.)--University of Windsor (Canada), 1991.
Collisional transitions between Zeeman substates of Cs rm6sp2Psb1/2\\rm 6\\sp2P\\sb{1/2}rm6sp2Psb1/2 atoms in collisions with He atoms have been investigated by methods of atomic fluorescence spectroscopy. Cs vapour contained in a quartz cell together with helium at low pressure, was selectively excited by pulsed dye-laser radiation to the rm6sp2Psb1/2,−1/2\\rm 6\\sp2P\\sb{1/2,-1/2}rm6sp2Psb1/2,−1/2 Zeeman substate in a magnetic field of strength ranging from 1.5 T to 7 T. The fluorescence spectrum consisting of components emitted from the directly excited state and from the collisionally populated state, was resolved with a Fabry-Perot interferometer. Measurements of the relative intensities of the fluorescence components yielded the Zeeman mixing cross section for Cs-He collisions. It was found that the enhancement in the cross section varied as Bsp2\\sp2sp2 in the range 0 $$ 5 T. A theoretical calculation of the magnetic-field enhancement of the cross section was also carried out, using time-dependent perturbation theory. The results of the calculation are in very good agreement with the experimental results at fields in the range 0 <<< B <<< 5 T, though not beyond 5 T where further theoretical work remains to be done.Dept. of Physics. Paper copy at Leddy Library: Theses & Major Papers - Basement, West Bldg. / Call Number: Thesis1993 .G365. Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 32-02, page: 0636. Adviser: L. Krause. Thesis (M.Sc.)--University of Windsor (Canada), 1993.