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Journal of Physics Condensed Matter

Critical behaviour of a one-dimensional Hubbard model with 1/sinh hopping

P.-A. Bares, Florian Gebhard

Published Mar 13, 1995• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Applying the finite-size scaling in conformal field theory, we evaluate the correlation functions and susceptibilities of a 1D Hubbard model with 1/sinh(kr) hopping and repulsive interaction in an external magnetic field. The error introduced in our approximation scheme should be exponentially small in the thermodynamic limit. Incidentally, we provide the generalization of previous work on critical exponents to the case where the right and left Fermi velocities do not coincide.

DOI
10.1088/0953-8984/7/11/006

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Applying the finite-size scaling in conformal field theory, we evaluate the correlation functions and susceptibilities of a 1D Hubbard model with 1/sinh(kr) hopping and repulsive interaction in an external magnetic field. The error introduced in our approximation scheme should be exponentially small in the thermodynamic limit. Incidentally, we provide the generalization of previous work on critical exponents to the case where the right and left Fermi velocities do not coincide.
Using results on the scaling of energies with the size of the system and the principles of conformal quantum field theory, we calculate the asymptotics of correlation functions for the one-dimensional Hubbard model in the repulsive regime in the presence of an external magnetic field. The critical exponents are given in terms of a dressed charge matrix that is defined in terms of a set of integral equations obtained from the Bethe-Ansatz solution for the Hubbard model. An interpretation of this matrix in terms of thermodynamical coefficients is given, and several limiting cases are considered.
A new supersymmetric model for electrons with generalized hopping terms and Hubbard interaction on a one-dimensional lattice is solved by means of the Bethe ansatz. We investigate the phase diagram of this model by studying the ground state and excitations of the model as a function of the interaction parameter, electronic density and magnetization. Using arguments from conformal field theory we can study the critical exponents describing the asymptotic behaviour of correlation functions at long distances.
The critical exponents for the charge, spin, electron, and superconducting correlation functions of the one-dimensional t-J model at t=J are obtained for arbitrary band filling. Our method is based on the Bethe-ansatz solution and the finite-size scaling analysis in conformal field theory. The long-distance behavior of the model belongs to the same universality class as the repulsive Hubbard model. Near half-filling the exponents take the values expected in the strong-correlation limit of the Hubbard model. In the low-density limit the exponents are those of the noninteracting system.
The correlation functions of one-dimensional Hubbard model in the presence of external magnetic field was investigated through the conformal field technique. The long distance behaviour of the correlation functions and their critical exponents for the model in the presence of a magnetic field are established by solving the dressed charge matrix equations and setting the number of occupancies to one, as an alternative to the usual zero often used by authors in literatures. Our result shows the critical exponents of the correlation function grows monotonically with magnetic field and reduces to definite values at zero magnetic field around various Fermi points.
We present a general method for the calculation of correlation functions in the repulsive one-dimensional Hubbard model at less than half-filling in a magnetic field h. We describe the dependence of the critical exponents that drive their long-distance asymptotics on the Coulomb coupling, the density, and h. This dependence can be described in terms of a set of coupled Bethe-Ansatz integral equations. It simplifies significantly in the strong-coupling limit, where we give explicit formulas for the dependence of the critical exponents on the magnetic field. In particular, we find that at small field the functional dependence of the critical exponents on h can be algebraic or logarithmic---depending on the operators involved. In addition, we evaluate the singularities of the Fourier images of the correlation functions. It turns out that switching on a magnetic field gives rise to singularities in the dynamic field-field correlation functions that are absent at h=0.