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Vacuum Rabi oscillation in coupled highly-dissipative cavity quantum electrodynamics

Yong‐Chun Liu, Xingsheng Luan, Haokun Li, Qihuang Gong, Chee Wei Wong, Yun‐Feng Xiao

Published Jan 1, 2014• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

We demonstrate strong anharmonicity of the polariton dressed states in a highly dissipative cavity quantum electrodynamics system via dark state resonances. Vacuum Rabi oscillation and photon blockade occur even for decay-to-interaction rate ratio exceeding 100.
DOI
10.1364/cleo_at.2014.jw2a.132

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We present a theoretical scheme to study optical cavity quantum electrodynamics using dark-state polaritons. Exploiting the highly tunable lifetimes of the photons in the form of cavity dark-state polaritons, we push the strong coupling of single optical photons to an effective two-level emitter in a Rydberg-blockade atomic ensemble to an unprecedented regime. The resulting Jaynes--Cummings model with extremely strong coupling is of fundamental interest. We discuss applications in controlled quantum Rabi oscillation, nonlinear spectroscopy of the Jaynes-Cummings ladder, as well as the generation of nonclassical states, all based on light-matter interactions in the optical domain.
Abstract Dissipation is used to achieve the coupling interaction between different cavities connected by a low- Q cavity. When the dissipative rate of the central cavity is enough large, vacuum Rabi oscillation can be found. We obtain the noise spectrum which may show the unique dynamics character of the investigated system. Under the condition of strong dissipation, non-zero entanglement between photons may be observed. We also discuss the effect of thermal noise on the dynamic evolution. The work will be helpful for manipulating photonic state in noisy environment.
When an atom is strongly coupled to a cavity, the two systems can exchange a single photon through a coherent Rabi oscillation. This process enables precise quantum-state engineering and manipulation of atoms and photons in a cavity, which play a central role in quantum information and measurement. Recently, a new regime of cavity QED was reached experimentally where the strength of the interaction between light and artificial atoms (qubits) becomes comparable to the atomic transition frequency or the resonance frequency of the cavity mode. Here we show that this regime can strongly modify the concept of vacuum Rabi oscillations, enabling multiphoton exchanges between the qubit and the resonator. We find that experimental state-of-the-art circuit-QED systems can undergo two- and three-photon vacuum Rabi oscillations. These anomalous Rabi oscillations can be exploited for the realization of efficient Fock-state sources of light and complex entangled states of qubits.
Cavity qed is the domain of quantum optics which studies the behaviour of single atoms and photons coupled together in an electromagnetic resonator. During the last ten years, various spectacular effects have been observed on such systems, either on the atom’s or on the field’s properties. The presence of a cavity around an atom can produce an alteration of the atomic radiative rates which has been observed in several experiments. Ideally, cavity qed deals with two-level atoms coupled resonantly or nearly resonantly to a single cavity mode. This is of course a simplification of real situations, in which atoms have many levels and the cavity sustains more than one mode. The amplitudes associated to the upper and lower atomic states oscillate as a function of time, revealing the ‘vacuum Rabi oscillation’ effect. The amplitudes associated to the upper and lower atomic states oscillate as a function of time, revealing the ‘vacuum Rabi oscillation’ effect.
We investigate the photon emission properties of the driven-dissipative Rabi model in the so-called ultrastrong- and deep strong-coupling regimes where the atom-cavity coupling rate ggg becomes comparable or larger than the cavity frequency ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{c}$. By solving numerically the master equation in the dressed-state basis, we compute the output field correlation functions in the steady-state for a wide range of coupling rates. We find that, as the atom-cavity coupling strength increases, the system undergoes multiple transitions in the photon statistics. In particular, a first sharp antibunching-to-bunching transition, occurring at $g\ensuremath{\sim}0.45{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{c}$, leading to the breakdown of the photon blockade due to the counter-rotating terms, is shown to be the consequence of a parity shift in the energy spectrum. A subsequent revival of the photon blockade and the emergence of the quasicoherent statistics for even larger coupling rates are attributed to an interplay between the nonlinearity in the energy spectrum and the transition rates between the dressed states.