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Optik

MZ-MMI-based all-optical switch using nonlinear coupled waveguides

Ali Bahrami, Ali Rostami, Fakhroddin Nazari

Published Jan 23, 2011• 30 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/j.ijleo.2010.11.005

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We propose a new control structure for all-optical switching in multimode inference (MMI)-based Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) devices. This structure is composed of an MZI doped by three-level nanocrystals for the realization of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in the lower arm. We use two different intensities of control field for two states of the proposed switch. Using a control field in both of the two switching states is necessary, where the EIT region is transparent. By changing the intensity of the control field, the refractive index of the doped region changes, which makes the phase difference between the two arms of the MZI. Hence, the switching operation takes place. Simulation results show that the extinction ratio of the device is −32dB in the worst case.
An investigation was made of the influence of the finite nonlinear response time, of the nonlinear dispersion of the group velocities, and of the dispersion of the coupling coefficient on self-switching of dome-shaped pulses in tunnel-coupled optical waveguides and other distributively coupled systems supporting unidirectional waves. Estimates are obtained of the maximum values of the parameters above which self-switching is perturbed. Relationships representing the influence of these parameters are determined graphically and partly interpreted. It is proposed to use the results in estimating the parameter of discrete optical transistors and logic devices pumped by a sequence of ultrashort pulses.
We have derived nonlinear coupled mode equations appropriate for periodic channel waveguides. These equations contain the three different nonlinear coefficients which were not taken into account in the previous analysis provided by Stegeman et al.. [IEEE. J. Quantum Electron. 18 (1982) 1610.] It has been shown that such nonlinear coefficients lower the switching power for optical bistability generated in the periodic channel waveguides. Dependence of the switching power on the waveguide size, waveguide structure and the grating parameters has been numerically obtained for ridge polydiacetylene (PDA-C4UC4) waveguides.