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Chinese Physics Letters

Measurement of Ionization Threshold of Ultracold Cesium Rydberg Atoms in Static Electric Field

Zhigang Feng, Linjie Zhang, Jianming Zhao, Changyong Li, LI An-Ling, Jia Suo-Tang

Published Jul 1, 2008• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We investigate the field ionization spectra of ultracold cesium Rydberg atoms in dc electric field. The ionization thresholds of different electric fields are measured and shift of the ionization threshold relative to field-free ionization threshold is accurately described by (6.06 ± 0.14) F 1/2 , which is in good agreement with the classical saddle-point model for field ionization. We obtain the field-free ionization threshold of cesium (6P 3/2 ) as 19674.89 ± 2.99 cm −1 by fitting experimental data.

DOI
10.1088/0256-307x/25/7/090

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We investigate the field ionization spectra of ultracold cesium Rydberg atoms in dc electric field. The ionization thresholds of different electric fields are measured and shift of the ionization threshold relative to field-free ionization threshold is accurately described by (6.06 ± 0.14) F 1/2 , which is in good agreement with the classical saddle-point model for field ionization. We obtain the field-free ionization threshold of cesium (6P 3/2 ) as 19674.89 ± 2.99 cm −1 by fitting experimental data.
Abstract We present precise measurements of polarizabilities of cesium nS1/2 (n = 65–75) Rydberg states by Stark spectroscopies. In experiment, Rydberg atoms are excited via a two-photon scheme of a standard magneto-optical trap and detected by the field ionization technique. The Stark shift is measured by analysing the spectroscopy under an external electric field. The polarizability, α, is acquired by fitting the experimental data of Stark shifts with Δ W = − 1 2 α E 2 . The theoretical model is applied to numerically simulate the Stark map and corresponding level shifts, related deviation between the experimental measurements and calculations are less than 2%. The scaling law of polarizabilities, A ⋅ ( n * ) 7 + B ⋅ ( n * ) 6 (n* is effective principal quantum number), is attained, that shows a good agreement with the measurements.
Ultracold cesium n S ( n =60–70) Rydberg atoms are prepared using the two-photon scheme in a magneto-optical trap (MOT). The number of resonant Rydberg atoms is measured by the pulsed field ionization technique, and the dependences of the Rydberg signal on excitation duration and external DC electric field are investigated. The excitation dynamics and blockade effects due to long-range interactions are obtained. The effect of external electric field on Rydberg excitation is also investigated, and the experimental result shows an enhanced blockade with a weak external electric field.
We study the excitation and ionization of cesium Rydberg states in an electric field (∼ 2200 V/cm) near the classical field ionization threshold (∼ −280 cm −1 binding energy at this field) by 3-D ionelectron coincidence spectroscopy. Cesium atoms are produced by an effusive oven and excited with lasers to Stark-shifted Rydberg states or directly ionised. Using a double Time of Flight setup we record 3-D (X, Y, Time of Flight) coincidence imaging of cesium produced electrons and ions. Above-threshold photo-ionisation creates broad images with poor electron/ion-coordinates correlation. Depending on the coupling of particular Rydberg states to the continuum, various images and correlations are observed. Fast ionising states show very good correlations and reveal the electric field lines, creating an efficient electric field mapping of the ionisation region. Slow ionising states show that the relatively high atomic velocity is detrimental to the correlations. Experimental data are accurately reproduced by detailed Monte Carlo excitation and ionization simulations based on Stark maps obtained with local-frame transformation (LFT) theory. Spectroscopic LFT agreement is usually very good with better that hundreds of MHz accuracy but on particular states several GHz discrepancy is found. The study can be used to select appropriate states for the creation of ion and electron beams with high brightness, good correlation and low energy dispersion, as well as to provide a detailed analysis of LFT-theory shortcomings.