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Physical Review A

Low-frequency external force acting on an atom in a resonant field

Sergey Siparov

Published May 1, 1997• 9 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The probe-wave absorption spectrum calculation is presented for the case when a two-level atom or ion in the resonant field of laser radiation is subjected to low-frequency external action in such a way that parametric resonance takes place and the fine structure appears on the probe-wave absorption coefficient plot.
DOI
10.1103/physreva.55.3704

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A beam of two-level atoms or ions excited by the resonant laser radiation orthogonal to the beam is observed from the third orthogonal direction. The well known resonance fluorescence three-peaked spectrum is deformed when the atoms or ions forming the beam oscillate at the Rabi frequency in the direction of the laser radiation wavevector, and the characteristic feature appears on the spectrum. The calculation based on the Bloch equations is presented and possible applications of the effect are discussed.
Analytic expressions are obtained for the spectral composition of laser radiation inside a resonator cavity filled with a gas of two-level atoms. The intracavity radiation field is approximated by a trichromatic field with an intermode frequency interval governed by the laser resonator frequency Ω = c /2 L ( L is the resonator cavity length). The radiation spectrum consists of a large number of harmonics which are multiples of Ω. The amplitudes of these harmonics exhibit a periodic dependence on the concentration of the absorbing atoms and on the resonator length. The maxima of the harmonics correspond to specific relationships between the parameters, which are the conditions for what is known as an intracavity parametric resonance.
An analysis is made of the spectrum of absorption of a weak probe electromagnetic by two-level atoms in a strong resonant laser field, undergoing collision with buffer gas atoms. The analysis is made using an approach that allows for the direct influence of a strong electromagnetic on the dynamics of an elastic collision between an active atom and a buffer gas atom. Rate equations are analyzed for a combined atom–strong electromagnetic field system (an atom dressed by the field) allowing for spontaneous and optical collisional transitions, and also for the interaction with the probe field. In the steady-state case, an expression is derived for the electric susceptibility of the medium at the small-signal frequency. This expression contains the rates of the optical collisional transitions that depend nontrivially on the parameters of the strong electromagnetic field. The phenomenological characteristics of optical collisional transitions generally used are only valid at low intensities and for small frequency detunings of the strong electromagnetic field, i.e., in the impact limit.
A theory of pump-probe spectroscopy is developed in which optical fields drive two-photon Raman transitions between ground states of an ensemble of three-level atoms. Effects related to the recoil the atoms undergo as a result of their interactions with the fields are fully accounted for in this theory. The linear absorption coefficient of a weak probe field in the presence of two pump fields of arbitrary strength is calculated. For subrecoil cooled atoms, the spectrum consists of eight absorption lines and eight emission lines. In the limit that ${\ensuremath{\chi}}_{1}\ensuremath{\ll}{\ensuremath{\chi}}_{2},$ where ${\ensuremath{\chi}}_{1}$ and ${\ensuremath{\chi}}_{2}$ are the Rabi frequencies of the two pump fields, one recovers the absorption spectrum for a probe field interacting with an effective two-level atom in the presence of a single pump field. However, when ${\ensuremath{\chi}}_{1}\ensuremath{\gtrsim}{\ensuremath{\chi}}_{2},$ new interference effects arise that allow one to selectively turn on and off some of these recoil-induced resonances.