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Physica A Statistical Mechanics and its Applications

Renormalization and scaling of a two-dimensional Ising system in a transverse field at Tc>0

Attilio L. Stella, Flavio Toigo

Published Oct 1, 1977• 11 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/0378-4371(77)90148-0

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arXiv:cond-mat/9709103•Physical review. B, Condensed matter•Apr 1, 1998•65 citations
A quantum generalization of the Niemeijer and van Leeuwen (N-vL) renormalization group transformation is constructed which allows to study the critical properties (at Tc>0) of a two-dimensional Ising system with a transverse field on a triangular lattice. Explicit calculations are performed in a second order cumulant expansion. Only one fixed point is found corresponding to the same Ising-like hamiltonian given by N-vl. The linearized transformation has a zero eigenvalue associated with Γ, the transverse field strength. The critical properties of the system are briefly discussed; in particular we show that the singular behaviour of the transverse susceptibility at Γ = 0, which turns out to be of the same kind as that of the energy density, is explained by the existence of such a zero eigenvalue. Our arguments suggest a natural extension of this result to three dimensions.
We have adjusted the density-matrix renormalization method to handle two-dimensional systems of limited width. The key ingredient for this extension is the incorporation of symmetries in the method. The advantage of our approach is that we can force certain symmetry properties to the resulting ground-state wave function. Combining the results obtained for system sizes up to $30\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}6$ and finite-size scaling, we derive the phase-transition point and the critical exponent for the gap in the Ising model in a transverse field on a two-dimensional square lattice.