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Physics Letters A

Formation of fast and slow decay modes in N-level systems coupled to one open channel

Frank-Michael Dittes, Hanns Ludwig Harney, I. Rotter

Published Mar 1, 1991• 44 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/0375-9601(91)90695-5

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We investigate the decay dynamics of a three-level artificial atom, a superconducting transmon qubit, weakly coupled to a continuum of modes in a broadband, one-dimensional cavity. Using the resolvent formalism, we derive analytical expressions for the resonance frequency shifts and widths, which are then evaluated numerically for a Gaussian density of states. We identify two distinct dynamical regimes, differentiated by the ratio of the qubit's coupling strength to the continuum bandwidth. When this ratio is much less than one, the system exhibits a Markovian regime in which the resonance width is practically independent of energy within the continuum band. As the ratio increases, the system transitions to a non-Markovian regime where the resonance width becomes strongly energy-dependent. In this regime, the qubit interacts with the continuum faster than the continuum can erase the information from the qubit's past. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the coupling between the transmon's second level and its ground state significantly influences the decay dynamics of the third level. The interaction between these two levels opens a fast two-photon decay channel, which broadens the transmon's second level.
We investigate the weak probe pulse propagation through the atomic medium, in the presence of the strong control laser field, under the regime of the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). These fields couple to the medium by forming the 3-level ladder configuration. We focus on two distinct cases: closed system, which is a non-degenerate, and open system, where the middle level is 3-fold degenerate, and the additional levels are coupled to the other levels only via spontaneous emission. The spatio-temporal profile of the probe pulse envelope is obtained by using the formalism of Maxwell-Bloch equations with the help of the Fourier transform method. We study the influence of the control field Rabi frequency, the spectral half-width of the initial pulse and decay rates on the propagation of the probe pulse. Several important pulse parameters are also calculated and discussed. It is shown that the group velocity of light can be controlled in such a manner that one can switch from slow to fast light and vice versa when changing the control Rabi frequency and spectral pulse half-width. Moreover, the possibility of replacing the open with an effective closed system is also discussed.
We investigate the probe-field transmission in a hybrid cavity quantum electrodynamic (CQED) system, where one optical cavity containing a quantum dot (QD) with high cavity dissipation is coupled to another auxiliary cavity with a high quality factor. We also investigate the hybrid system operating in the weak coupling regime of the light-matter interaction via comparing the QD photon interaction with the dipole decay rate and the cavity field decay rate. It is shown that the dipole induced transparency (DIT) regime similar to electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) can be achieved due to the destructive interference of the cavity field in the weak coupling regime, which is extremely significant for the field of semiconductor CQED. The auxiliary cavity plays a key role in the hybrid system, which affords a quantum channel to affect the probe transmission leading to enhanced DIT. Further, DIT induced coherent optical propagation properties such as fast and slow light effects are also investigated based on the hybrid system for suitable parametric regimes. By controlling the coupling strength J and the decay rate ratio δ of the two cavities, tunable and controllable fast-to-slow light propagation can be achieved. This study provides a promising platform for understanding the dynamics of QD-CQED systems and may open up promising on chip applications in quantum information processing.