The phase diagram of the unconstrained
t−J model is calculated using the random phase approximation. It is found that the extended
s and the
dx2−y2-channels are {\em not} degenerate near half filling. Extended
s-pairing with a low
Tc occurs only for a band containing less then 0.4 electrons or holes per unit cell, whereas in a large region around half-filling
d-wave pairing is the only stable superconducting solution. At half filling superconductivity is suppressed due to the formation of the anti-ferromagnetic Mott-Hubbard insulating state. By extending the analysis to the unconstrained
t−t′−J model, it is proven that, if a Fermi surface is assumed similar to the one that is known to exist in cuprous oxide superconductors, the highest superconducting
Tc is reached for about
0.7 electron per site, whereas the anti-ferromagnetic solution still occurs for
1 electron per site. It is shown, that the maximum
d-wave superconducting mean field transition temperature is half the maximum value that the Neèl temperature can have in the Mott-insulating state.
Fermion mean-field solutions for the Heisenberg and the t-J models have been obtained by considering particle-hole correlations and carrying out the mean-field-theory calculations in momentum space. At half-filling the solutions have mixed (s\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}d)-wave-like symmetry and have a lower ground-state energy than the s (uniform phase) and the d phases. On doping, the solutions with mixed s and d symmetry still have lower ground-state energy than the uniform phase. In the presence of doping, the density of states at the Fermi level in the mixed phases is depressed from its value in the uniform phase and is in good agreement with the experimental data.
An extended Hubbard model for a single band, including Coulomb repulsion and correlated hopping between nearest neighbors, is studied using a generalized mean-field approach. Antiferromagnetism and superconductivity are probed for arbitrary occupation number, near and away from half filling. Binding of pairs in the superconducting state of this purely repulsive model is mediated by the correlated hopping in the form of a covalent-bond configuration, with partial intrasite and intersite pairings. A region of coexistence is conjectured, the superconductivity being suppressed by the saturation of the staggered magnetic moment. Singlet superconducting nonmagnetic states are obtained for the almost-empty- or full-band cases. On the other hand, antiferromagnetism induces mixed s- and p-type superconductivities in the neighborhood of half filling.
In the first part of the paper, we study the stability of antiferromagnetic (AF), charge density wave (CDW), and superconducting (SC) states within the t-J-U-V model of strongly correlated electrons by using the statistically consistent Gutzwiller approximation (SGA). We concentrate on the role of the intersite Coulomb interaction term V in stabilizing the CDW phase. In particular, we show that the charge ordering appears only above a critical value of V in a limited hole-doping range δ. The effect of the V term on SC and AF phases is that a strong interaction suppresses SC, whereas the AF order is not significantly influenced by its presence. In the second part, separate calculations for the case of a pure SC phase have been carried out within an extended approach (the diagrammatic expansion for the Gutzwiller wave function, DE-GWF) in order to analyze the influence of the intersite Coulomb repulsion on the SC phase with the higher-order corrections included beyond the SGA method. The upper concentration for the SC disappearance decreases with increasing V, bringing the results closer to experiment. In appendices A and B we discuss the ambiguity connected with the choice of the Gutzwiller renormalization factors within the renormalized mean filed theory when either AF or CDW orders are considered. At the end, we overview briefly the possible extensions of the current models to put descriptions of the SC, AF, and CDW states on equal footing.
In the generalized-
tJ model the effect of a large local Coulomb repulsion is accounted for by restricting the Hilbert space to states with at most one electron per site. In this case the electronic system can be viewed in terms of holes hopping in a lattice of correlated spins, where holes are the carriers doped into the half-filled Mott insulator. To explicitly capture the interplay between the hole dynamics and local spin correlations we derive a formulation of the generalized-
tJ model where doped carrier operators are used instead of the original electron operators. This ``doped carrier'' formulation provides a starting point to address doped spin systems, and we use it to develop a fully fermionic, mean-field description of doped Mott insulators. This mean-field approach reveals a mechanism for superconductivity---namely, spinon-dopon mixing---and we apply it to the $t{t}^{\ensuremath{'}}{t}^{\ensuremath{''}}J$ model as of interest to high-temperature superconductors. In particular, we use model parameters borrowed from band calculations and from fitting angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy data to obtain a mean-field phase diagram that reproduces semiquantitatively that of hole- and electron-doped cuprates. The mean-field approach hereby presented accounts for the local antiferromagnetic and
d-wave superconducting correlations which, we show, provide a rational for the role of ${t}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ and ${t}^{\ensuremath{''}}$ in strengthening superconductivity as expected by experiments and other theoretical approaches. As we discuss how
t, ${t}^{\ensuremath{'}}$, and ${t}^{\ensuremath{''}}$ affect the phase diagram, we also comment on possible scenarios to understand the differences between as-grown and oxygen-reduced electron-doped samples.
We study the Hubbard model on the triangular lattice for general fillings by means of the slave-boson technique. In particular, we consider the stability regions of the paramagnetic, antiferromagnetic and linearly polarized spin-density-wave phases that are present at half-filling. The model presents a large anisotropy under particle or hole doping of the half-filled band, a consequence of the non-bipartite nature of the lattice. We also compute the helicity modulus in the antiferromagnetic phase, which characterizes the stiffness of the magnetic order.