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Journal of Physics A Mathematical and General

Aq-Schrödinger equation based on a Hopfq-deformation of the Witt algebra

Reidun Twarock

Published Jan 1, 1999• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

In an earlier paper a q -Schrödinger equation was obtained based on a particular quantization procedure, called Borel quantization, and a related q -deformation of the Witt algebra. This q -deformation is a deformation in the category of Lie algebras and hence the corresponding q -Witt algebra has a trivial Hopf algebra structure. In this paper, we extend the above algebra by the addition of a set of shift-type generators, which appear in the expression for the quantum mechanical position operator and hence lead to a new type of quantum kinematics. The latter gives rise to a new kind of evolution equation and it is shown that in the limit q 1 a specific class of Schrödinger equations is obtained from it. This specification of a particular class is a new phenomenon, because in earlier references, where a different q -deformation has been implemented or no deformation has been used at all, such a class could not be determined uniquely. The extended algebra used here has a nontrivial Hopf structure. The appearance of the shift-type generator in the q -deformed picture hence leads to a selection of a particular type of dynamics and delivers in the limit q 1 new information for the characterization of the corresponding dynamics in the undeformed situation.

DOI
10.1088/0305-4470/32/26/315

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In an earlier paper a q -Schrödinger equation was obtained based on a particular quantization procedure, called Borel quantization, and a related q -deformation of the Witt algebra. This q -deformation is a deformation in the category of Lie algebras and hence the corresponding q -Witt algebra has a trivial Hopf algebra structure. In this paper, we extend the above algebra by the addition of a set of shift-type generators, which appear in the expression for the quantum mechanical position operator and hence lead to a new type of quantum kinematics. The latter gives rise to a new kind of evolution equation and it is shown that in the limit q 1 a specific class of Schrödinger equations is obtained from it. This specification of a particular class is a new phenomenon, because in earlier references, where a different q -deformation has been implemented or no deformation has been used at all, such a class could not be determined uniquely. The extended algebra used here has a nontrivial Hopf structure. The appearance of the shift-type generator in the q -deformed picture hence leads to a selection of a particular type of dynamics and delivers in the limit q 1 new information for the characterization of the corresponding dynamics in the undeformed situation.
A formulation of quantum mechanics with additive and multiplicative (qqq-)difference operators instead of differential operators is studied from first principles. Borel-quantisation on smooth configuration spaces is used as guiding quantisation method. After a short discussion this method is translated step-by-step to a framework based on difference operators. To restrict the resulting plethora of possible quantisations additional assumptions motivated by simplicity and plausibility are required. Multiplicative difference operators and the corresponding qqq-Borel kinematics are given on the circle and its NNN-point discretisation; the connection to qqq-deformations of the Witt algebra is discussed. For a "natural" choice of the qqq-kinematics a corresponding qqq-difference evolution equation is obtained. This study shows general difficulties for a generalisation of a physical theory from a known one to a "new" framework.
A q-deformed version of standard quantum mechanics in the coordinate Schrodinger picture is obtained by replacing the ordinary coordinate derivative by the so-called q-discrete derivative as the representative of the momentum operator. The chosen q-discrete derivative is symmetric with respect to the exchange of q and q -1 . Under the usually adopted assumptions a q-deformed Schrodinger equation is derived for a harmonic oscillator. The complete set of eigenfunctions can be explicitly constructed as special q-functions and the corresponding energy eigenvalues are identical to those obtained by Biedenharn in his pioneering work (1989). This q-deformed oscillator exhibits a rich novel structure including dynamical symmetry and in the limit q to 1 it reveals some hitherto unknown features of the harmonic oscillator eigenfunctions.
In recent years, growing attention has been devoted to the possibility that theories with deformed symmetries, associated with certain models of non-commutative spacetime, may encode a fundamental form of decoherence. This effect should be described by a Lindblad-like evolution governed by the non-trivial Hopf algebra structure of the time-evolution generators. In this work we provide a detailed analysis of such possibility for similar Hopf algebra deformations of the Hamiltonian of a qubit. Starting from a critical examination of the very definition of time evolution through the generalized adjoint action, we explore whether a coherent and physically viable framework can be established. In particular, our analysis shows that a more general combination of adjoint actions always guarantees a von Neumann dynamics and, also in the case of deformed spacetime symmetries considered in the literature, a physically viable Lindblad evolution cannot be established.
From an arbitrary definition of operators inspired by oscillators of Virasoro, an algebra is derived. It fits the structure of Virasoro algebra with null central charge or Witt algebra. The resulting formalism has yielded commutators with a dependence on integer numbers, and it follows the Witt-like algebra. Also, the quantum mechanics evolution operator for the case of the quantum harmonic oscillator was identified. Furthermore, the Schrödinger equation was systematically derived under the present framework. When operators are expressed in the framework of Hilbert space states, the resulting Witt algebra seems to be proportional to the well-known canonical commutation relation. This has demanded the development of a formalism based on arbitrary and physical operators as well as well-defined rules of commutation. The Witt-like was also redefined through the direct usage of the uncertainty principle. The results of the paper might suggest that Witt algebra encloses not only quantum mechanics’ fundamental commutator but also other unexplored relations among quantum mechanics observables and Witt algebra.
It is shown that q-deformed quantum mechanics (systems with q-deformed Heisenberg commutation relations) can be interpreted as an ordinary quantum mechanics on Kähler manifolds, or as a quantum theory with second (or first)-class constraints. 1. The q-deformed Heisenberg-Weyl algebras [1], [2] exhibiting the quantum group symmetries [3],[4] have attracted much attention of physicists and mathematicians. In particular, some works have been devoted to establishing potentials for ordinary quantum systems which exhibit a q-deformed energy spectrum (see, for example, [5] and references therein) in order to obtain classical dynamical systems associated with the q-deformed Heisenberg-Weyl algebras. In the present paper, we analyze the correspondence limit, when ¯h → 0 (rather than q → 1), of multimode q-deformed Heisenberg-Weyl algebras [1], [2] regardless of the specific form of a Hamiltonian. We show that classical systems associated with the q-deformed Heisenberg-Weyl algebras in this way possess a non-trivial symplectic structure which, in turn, is related to the Kähler symplectic structure [6]. From the other hand, a natural (physical) reason for a dynamical system to have a nontrivial symplectic structure is the existence of ”frozen ” , non-dynamical degrees of freedom or, in other words, constraints [7]. Dirac pointed out that a nontrivial symplectic structure might naturally occur in dynamical systems through second-class constraints [7]. We shall demonstrate below how constrained dynamics can be associated with the q-deformed Heisenberg-Weyl algebra. As was shown in [8], a non-commutative phase space does not necessarily emerges in the formal classical limit of q-deformed quantum mechanics, provided the deformation parameter q is a function of the Planck constant. In the latter case, q-deformed Heisenberg-Weyl algebras yield quadratic symplectic structures on a commutative phase space. For example, the one-mode q-deformed Heisenberg-Weyl algebra defined by the commutation relation ˆ b ˆ b − q