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Chinese Physics Letters

Remote Information Concentration via a Four-Particle Cluster State

Chen Yin-Hua, Deng-Yu Zhang, Feng Gao, Zhan Xiao-Gui

Published Sep 1, 2009• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose a protocol of remote information concentration achieved by a four-particle cluster state. To achieve the task, Bell state measurement and unitary operation are needed. The result shows a peculiar phenomenon that the remote information concentration is not always successful but with certain probability.
DOI
10.1088/0256-307x/26/9/090304

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By using a proper positive operator-valued measure (POVM), we present two new schemes for remote information concentration via four-particle cluster state. It is demonstrated that by employing a maximally entangled (respectively, nonmaximally entangled) four-particle cluster state as the quantum channel, quantum information initially and generally (respectively, specially) distributed in three spatially separated qubits can be remotely and probabilistically concentrated back to a single qubit without performing any global operations. Moreover, the total success probabilities of these two protocols are also worked out. It is more easier to realize experimentally by POVM than by projective measurement.
Employing the six-particle W state as the quantum channel in this paper, we investigate remote information concentration (RIC) which is the reverse process of the 1→5 optimal asymmetric economical phase-covariant telecloning (OAEPCT). To achieve the task, Bell state measurement and unitary operation are needed. It is shown that the quantum information initially distributed in five spatially separated qubits can be remotely and probabilistically concentrated back to a single qubit without performing any global operations. The result shows a peculiar phenomenon that the RIC is not always performed perfectly. It can be achieved with certain probability.
Two schemes of remote preparation of a real or complex coefficients four-particle cluster-type state using two three-particle GHZ state as the quantum channel are proposed. For the entangled four-particle cluster-type state with real coefficients,a deterministic remote preparation scheme is put forward. In this scheme,two three-particle GHZ state are used as the quantum channel. Then a two-particle projective measurement should be performed by Alice,after Alice tell her measurement result to Bob,Bob can prepare the target state by performing an appropriate unitary operation with probability 1. For the more general four-particle cluster-type state with complex coefficients,another scheme is proposed,witch can successfully prepare the target state with probability 25%. And the probability of success can reach up to 50% or even 1 in some special cases. The classical communication costs in different case are discussed too.
A scheme is presented for quantum information splitting of an unknown four-particle cluster state by using two non-maximally four-particle entangled states as the quantum channel.In this scheme,the sender generates the initial state and the quantum channel,and sends some of the particles to the controller and the receiver.The receiver can reconstruct a four-particle cluster state by performing appropriate unitary transformations on his qubits after the sender and controller perform the Bell-State measurements on their qubits,respectively.
Cluster states, whose model are a remarkably rich structure in measurement-based quantum computation, hold high degree of entanglement, while entanglement is very fragile during the process of transmission because of the inevitable interaction with the environment. We propose two entanglement concentration protocols for four-particle linear cluster states which and are susceptible to the decoherence and the imperfect communication setups. In the first protocol, POVM operators are introduced to maximize the success probability, and the second protocol is based on cross-Kerr nonlinearity which is utilized to check the parity between the original particle and the ancillary particle. Both of the protocols have their own advantages. The first one can be easily realized in experiment by linear optics, while the one with cross-Kerr nonlinearity reach more than 90% success probability by iteration. Since the wide application of cluster states, the two protocols are efficient and valuable to different fields of quantum communication.